Phantom workload looks like real work but results in massive unproductivity and even conflict in an organization. The pressure to meet unrealistic expectations causes a vicious cycle of further workload.

Leaders need to take a hard look at what is being avoided or not addressed. Facing difficult tasks that were 'swept under the carpet' earlier strengthens them further to make hard decisions and face difficult people and situations.

Time can be managed in four domains: Spiritual, Mental, Emotional, and Material. This corresponds to the four key functions of leadership:

• Mobilizing commitment.
• Thinking strategically.
• Building relationships and community.
• Organizing for action.

The mental domain consists of being able to think strategically, prioritizing between short-term and long-term goals, urgent and important activity, easy or difficult work, and the level of comfort in the tasks.

Our focus has to be on the long-term important tasks that seem difficult and are hence avoided.

We usually overlook the emotional aspect of working with people while handling tight deadlines.

Leaders have to take simple actions like trusting and respecting their colleagues and team members, being true to themselves and have a clear understanding of the value of any work assignment, meeting or request. Making reliable commitments ensures that others keep their agreements as well.

Organizing for action means creating useful, workable and scalable systems that make us access information and track commitments quickly.
It means managing your email effectively and ensuring adequate follow-ups are done.

Time management practices require a change in behavior:

1. Know your purpose and establish why you need to change, identifying the benefits.
2. Create a vision of you being on top of your workday.
3. Observe the current cultural, organizational and personal pressures of your workday.
4. Talk about getting support if needed.
5. Use time management tools with skill.
6. Take the necessary action.
7. Look deeper and reflect on your behavioral change.

• Focus on what's genuinely important in a day and do that, before checking your email.
• Check the email in time blocks, like once every 3 to 4 hours.
• Discard all impersonal unnecessary emails.
• Briefly answer messages that require an instant response.
• Use subject line protocols to speed up communication and for easy searching.
• Keep only alive messages (hot email) in your inbox.
• Allocate time daily or weekly to deal with complex replies.
• Ask people to remove you from their distribution lists that are no longer appropriate.
• Do not reply to or write an email when you are unsettled or upset.
• Do not use e-mail for overtly sensitive communication.