When People Rely on Beliefs Rather Than Logic – Effectiviology - Deepstash
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The belief bias

The belief bias

The belief bias is a cognitive bias that causes people to over-rely on preexisting beliefs and knowledge when evaluating the conclusions of an argument, instead of properly considering the argument’s content and structure.

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Factors affecting the belief bias

The belief bias involves much variability, meaning that various factors, such as age, religious beliefs, working memory, and general cognitive ability can all affect the likelihood that people will experience the belief bias, as well as the way and degree to which they will do so.

In addition, the nature of arguments can also affect the likelihood that people will experience the belief bias. This includes, for example, whether an argument is emotionally charged, and whether the reasoning involved is difficult for people to understand.

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Positive and negative belief biases

  • A positive belief bias involves increased acceptance of believable conclusions. Accordingly, the positive belief bias causes people to accept arguments that are logically unsound and conclusions that are false, when they align with people’s preexisting beliefs.
  • A negative belief bias involves increased rejection of unbelievable conclusions. Accordingly, the negative belief bias causes people to reject arguments that are sound and conclusions that are true, when they contradict people’s preexisting beliefs.

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