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In space, hearts don't have to work as hard to pump blood around the body. So eventually, they may shrink, which can cause problems for astronauts when they return to earth.
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Astronauts are taller in space! On Earth, gravity compresses our spine. When gravity is weak, the space between the vertebrae in our spine is able to expand.
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Cosmic radiation, stress, insomnia and trying to re-orient your body's balance system mean the astronaut's brain is constantly adopting while in space.
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The human body is conditioned to life on Earth. So when we leave our home planet, lots of weird stuff happens to us.
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Like our muscles, bones aren't needed much in microgravity. Without exercise, they deteriorate and become weak and brittle.
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In space, muscles aren't really needed to hold up the body. Over time, they become weaker and deteriorate (worse). Astronauts must exercise everyday to prevent this from happening.
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Blood is normally pulled towards our feet by gravity. But in space, the blood and fluid is pulled towards the head giving astronauts puffy faces.
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Many astronauts suffer from some vision loss. Although it is not completely understood why. It is believed to be due to increased pressure inside the head. Cosmic rays, usually absorbed by our atmosphere, also creates momentary flashes of light.
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Veins return blood from the body to the heart, so the blood can be recirculated. To return blood to your heart, the veins in your legs must work against gravity.
Structural aspects in pumping the blood to heart-
In order to supply your body with enough oxygen to maintain functioning, your heart must work harder. You will have an increased heart rate and greater force per beat. Your body creates more oxygen-carrying red blood cells, which is generally helpful.
However, it also thickens your bloo...
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