Quantum biology has been shown in both theory and experiments to hold the key to many recorded biological phenomena. Quantum biology deals with all interactions at the sub-cells level including many logic-defying functions of the smallest particles that we know of.Quantum mechanics is the route to understanding the behaviors of subatomic particles and their interactions. Biological units are nothing more than different configurations of subatomic particles working dynamically together to serve their survival and procreations.

Quantum Biology

They are composed of molecular computational systems interacting with received information then decoding and generating responses. For this reason it would be natural to expect that quantum physics plays key roles in biology.Scientists are rapidly finding new cases of quantum phenomena acting in many different biological processes. These include instances of: Quantum superposition in photons during photosynthesis, and quantum tunneling in electrons within enzymes acting as catalysts for reactions, between organic compounds.

With all these cases where quantum mechanics play significant roles in biological functions, the question of how could this affect our own DNA now comes up, which is an emerging field that scientists all over the world are starting to pick apartLiving entities are composed of atoms and molecules with specific structures that convert them to specialized biological cells acting as bio-constructors. Living cells continuously acquire and use energy to power their quantum mechanical activities. These dynamical processes differentiate them from ordinary matter.

In doing so,the cells become specialized computational machines with specific capabilities to receive,process and respond to bits of information in accordance with instructions stored within their governing DNA and in their stored memories.There is a weird phenomenon observed in biology.The DNA issues instructions for the cells’ mechanical parts to be carried out.The RNA acts as the information carriers, i.e.the messenger, which passes the instructions to the mechanical part of the cell. Prior to delivering the information for action, the information is verified by an agent known as the RNAi.

If the information has been corrupted then the instructions are ignored and not carried out by the cells. Biologists can’t explain how the verification process works. In other words how would the RNAi know what the correct issued instructions by the DNA should be? This process is similar to a well designed and secure software where information is checked for possible corruption or viruses prior to accepting it. We postulate that the RNAi verification process looks for the presence of certain symmetry code unique to the specific living entity prior to implementation.

The absence of such code would indicate that the carried message has been corrupted, hence permission is not given to proceed with implementing the instruction. For example if that DNA instruction is to produce the protein for giving a skin cell its colour and the instruction was ignored then that skin cell will be colourless.

Consciousness can be defined as an interactive information decoder interpreting the received superpositioned digital information to reflect the reality we experience. Our biological computational neural system compares the received new information with that already stored in our brains, which forms our memories and value systems. Therefore, our response to the received information is the result of a process of evaluation aimed at complying with the overall stored priorities. Most biological entities prevailing priorities are to survive and procreate to ensure the survival of the genes.

Consciousness

The stored information templates for evaluating the received information and issuing instructions are either genetically hard coded as in most animals, or acquired throughout life long contacts and experiences or a combination both. All routes lead to specific neural connections which shape the wiring of the neural systems. In the case of human beings, each change in the wiring of our brain leads to a change in our stored information templates, which are key to determining our reactions to new received information. The process of updating the wiring of our brains is determined by being open

minded and reflective.They are key to learning, improving the quality of lives and long term survival of our genes.Neuroplasticity is the ability of the brains’ quantum constructors to rearrange the bonding between the composing atoms and molecules,i.e.updating the wiring of our brains.This leads to creating different interpretations and responses to the received information. Electromagnetism is key to the process involving the working of the brains.The brain consumes on average 25%of the energy we consume to create the required electrical signals for communication between its different cells.

Neuroplasticity

It is well established that our responses to stimuli is determined by the stored information in our brains. Our free will as human beings is limited to our abilities to evaluate the consequences of our actions and then adjust the wiring of our brain (our stored information templates) for better future responses, which are compatible with our core objectives. Those who are blessed with greater abilities to learn and adjust the wiring of their brains will have a better chance to survive, procreate and experience joyous living.

The brain has its own building mechanism to update the received information so that they are compatible with formats which can be handled by its computational capabilities. Experiments in visual psychology have revealed that the brain will often construct sensations that override the visual input if the brain judges that the latter is too improbable. The brain would suppress the improbable mixed information in favour of what it is familiar with and thus compute what is more probable. For example during rapid movement of the eyes, the visual information is suppressed and what we see is largely

virtual reality created by the brain from our relevant memory templates.When we look into a mirror and move our eyes left to right, we cannot observe our own eyes movements. This demonstrates the phenomenon of suppressing the rapid eyes movements,i.e.our visual sensitivity is much reduced.Eye movements are closely linked to attention shifts.Thus what we see does not depend entirely on what is out there but also to a considerable extent on what the brain computes to be most probably out there. So we can ask how extensive is this filling-in process,what is its normal function and how is it done?

Some light on these questions may come from digital television compression technology. This seeks to send the maximum possible signal with the minimum computational power compatible with an adequate picture. Sending every detail of every scene over the TV system is efficient but carries a high computational cost. This is called the I programme. So TV engineers have supplemented this with a second programme, P, that derives the most probable scenes following scene ‘A’ based on the system’s memory and its previous experience of such scene sequences.

This is supplemented by a third (‘P frame’) programme that records only differences between scenes. The P programme is inefficient but cheap in computational cost. So the art is in finding the optimum mixture of I and P.

The DNA of all biological units are composed of four letters. Each letter represents a given combination of biochemical molecules. The molecules in turn are composed of specific atoms’ arrangements. Therefore, each letter of the DNA represents a pre-assembled digital code composed of strings and singularities.The way the DNA four letters are sequenced determine the nature and characteristics of the biological units. The role of information in managing the existence of life is clear from the way the DNA is structured as sets of digital instructions.

DNA as pre-assembled instruction codes

Adjusting the sequencing of the four letters is already being harnessed through the revolutionary technique of Gene Editing.We speculate that the evolutionary processes and the survival for the fittest principle are not random but they follow embedded biological deep learning algorithms within the genetic codes of each living entity. The specific genetic codes could have evolved (or designed) to simply monitor the levels and frequencies of using specific tissues within any living entity during its lifespans. This is in line with the key biological principle, “use it or lose it”.In a simplified

Embedded deep learning logarithms

version, it is similar to how google makes predictions based on your previous searches.The stored statistical information by the biological entities are collected and passed, most likely through the Y chromosome, to future generations. The purpose is. to emphasize the importance of the increasingly used specific tissues. After a few generations the genetic code of that biological entity get adapted to improve its fitness capabilities.

This could be seen as a very advanced build-in type of biological deep learning, similar to our attempts to create a digital based artificial intelligence with the capacity to update the survival of the model by meeting the overall objective for which it is created. Evolution of new species can be seen as similar to a computer game where the players cannot move to higher levels unless they collect certain points.

The only reality we know is the one our brains manufacture from the very limited information it is designed to receive and process. The possibility that reality is as we perceive is almost zero. What we experience is a convenient way to keep us in the cosmic game by receiving, processing, interpreting and transmitting the limited information we are designed to process and generate. A build-in program exists within all living beings, where repeated life supporting actions over a few generations lead to permanent genetic fitness improvement to thrive and dominate.

Biological entities’ fitness capabilities

Different biological entities possess/develop different fitness improvements capabilities. Using these capabilities lead to their continuous evolution. For those species where environmental changes are faster than their fitness’ improvements capabilities, will ultimately lose the battle to survive. For this reason we need to wake up to the danger of destroying the environment at the current speed, which is leading to the extinction of many species, as they have no time to adapt. Our rapidly changing lifestyle, including congregating in densely populated communities, our intensive farming,

widespread use of new chemicals and indiscriminate use of antibiotics in our food chain are all giving bacteria and viruses greater opportunities to evolve and threaten our very survival and also survival of many animals and plants.Humans are proceeding at a great speed to improve the biofitness capabilities of many biological entities which meet their needs by changing their genetic information.This is in effect a means of overriding the naturally embedded logarithmic processes in those entities andreplacing them by direct human actions to create the types of animals and plantstomeetourneeds.

All living beings are interactive participants in an energy-mass-information equivalence based universe. They represent specific types of information processing entities with causal powers determined by their fitness capabilities (encoded in theur genetic).With our causal powers we can reasonably suggest that our biological software has evolved to receive compressed (superpositioned)information and then analyze it by our network quantum computational units (our brain cells).Our perceived physical reality is a construct of the electrical signals being processed within our network of quantum com

Interactive biological quantum computational capabilities

Being players endowed with computational capabilities suggests that we may ultimately understand how the universe works at the fundamental level and advance our knowledge so that we can communicate with other alien participants. This is similar to developing a deep learning artificial intelligence (AI), which is designed to have consciousness, communicate with other machines and ultimately contribute to our total knowledge. As stated above, consciousness is the ability to receive information, compare it with our stored information templates or set of instructions, and then create a response in

It is even conceivable to conclude that we would reach a stage in our knowledge to ultimately speed up our evolution from our current fragile biological form to ultimately become a machine based species with more chances of survival as our environment greatly deteriorate.Until we succeed in guaranteeing the correct transformation we need to protect our biological existence from the potential domination and abuse by our created AI based units.

Next stage in human evolution

This may necessitate that we implant in the AI machines specific logarithms dealing with ethical values plus sufficient checks and balances to achieve these objectives. We may also resort to planting a self destruct mechanism, not accessible by our created AI units, to ensure our ultimate survival. Probably the best we can hope for in the long run is that our created AI will provide us with a heaven on Earth in return for providing some assistance in their scientific research endeavours.

All living entities are fundamentally similar to other non-living matter in terms of their composition from the two fundamental particles (FPs), the strings and the singularities with their binary…

Quantum Veda

Quantum biology and living entities

Your DNA is different from everyone else’s. It determines many of the characteristics that define you, like the color of your eyes or whether your hair is straight or curly. DNA is much easier to find in the “soft parts” of an animal – their organs, blood vessels, nerves, muscle and fat. But a dinosaur’s soft parts are long gone. They either decomposed or were eaten by another dinosaur.

The ABCs Of DNA

Dinosaur fossils are all that’s left of those prehistoric animals. Immersed for tens of millions of years in ancient mud, minerals and water, the fossils come from the dinosaur’s so-called “hard parts” – its bones, teeth and skull. We find dinosaur fossils in the ground, in riverbeds and lakes, and on the sides of cliffs and mountains. Every now and then, someone finds one in their <a href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/find-a-dinosaur-in-your-backyard-its-all-yours-19885792/">backyard </a>.

Is DNA In The Fossils?

But scientists have a big problem when trying to find DNA in dinosaur fossils. DNA molecules eventually decay. <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/nature.2012.11555">Recent studies show </a>DNA deteriorates and ultimately disintegrates after about 7 million years. That sounds like a long time, but the last dinosaur died at the end of the <a href="https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/Cretaceous-Period/628196">Cretaceous Period </a>. That’s more than 65 million years ago.

The Trouble With Dino-DNA

Dig up a fossil today, and any dino-DNA within would have long since fallen apart. That means, as far as scientists know, and even using the best technology available today, it’s not possible to make a dinosaur from its DNA. Although it’s too late to find dino-DNA, scientists recently found something almost as intriguing. They discovered DNA fragments in the fossils of Neanderthals and other ancient mammals, such as <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00436-x">woolly mammoths </a>.

Dino-DNA Could Reconstruct A Dinosaur!

Although it’s too late to find dino-DNA, scientists recently found something almost as intriguing. They discovered DNA fragments in the fossils of Neanderthals and other ancient mammals, such as <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00436-x">woolly mammoths </a>. Now that makes sense; those fragments are less than 2 million years old, well before all of the DNA would decay.

The Basic Idea 

Just for fun, let’s imagine that somehow, sometime in the future, researchers came up with fragments of dinosaur DNA. With only fragments, scientists still could not make a complete dinosaur. Instead, they would have to combine the fragments with the DNA of a modern-day animal to create a living organism. That creature, however, could not be called an actual dinosaur. Rather, it would be a hybrid, a blend of dinosaur and, most likely, a bird or reptile.

Imagine For A Moment...

Ever since moviegoers saw the first ‘Jurassic Park,’ millions have wondered if scientists could make a dinosaur in the lab.

Science

Is it possible to recreate dinosaurs from their DNA?

In February 2001, when researchers released the first set of the human genome sequence, it was a seismic event in the history of life sciences. However, it was not truly complete and 15 per cent of the genome was still to be deciphered. The most complicated chunk of DNA called for further research and technological advancement.

Scientists decipher the complete human genome & found new genes.

A team of 99 researchers led the groundbreaking discovery by identifying about 115 new genes <a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/google-deepmind-artificial-intelligence-protein-structures-medicine-life-sciences-1832809-2021-07-26">that code for proteins</a>.The Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) Consortium, an international collaboration that comprises around 30 institutions, <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3Amiga%20author2%3Aphillippy%20jcode%3Abiorxiv%20limit_from%3A2021-05-01%20limit_to%3A2021-07-15%20numresults%3A10%20sort%3Arelevance-rank%20format_result%3Astandard">has released data that gives new insights into the workings of the DNA </a>and how it influences risks of disease and how cells keep it in neatly organised. Experts say that the new details will open our eyes to critical information stored within DNA that had remained elusive forever.

Groundbreaking Discovery 

A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA<a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20180910-rakhigarhi-dna-study-findings-indus-valley-civilisation-1327247-2018-08-31">, the chemical compound that contains the instructions </a>needed to develop and direct the activities of nearly all living organisms. They are made of two twisting, paired strands often referred to as a double helix. Each DNA strand is made of four chemical units, called nucleotide bases, which comprise the genetic "alphabet."Virtually every single cell in the body contains a complete copy of the approximately 3 billion DNA base pairs, or letters, that make up the human genome. DNA contains the information needed to build the entire human body.

What Is A Human Genome?

Scientists identified 3.055 billion base pairs (“letters”) of our DNA code as they made the data public. However, the wait has been over two decades since the first draft was released in 2001. Scientists have known for decades that genes were spread across 23 pairs of chromosomes.<a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/un-calls-for-global-database-of-human-gene-editing-research-1827587-2021-07-13">As long stretches of the genome remained unknown </a>, scientists struggled to understand where millions of bases fit. While they released the first draft in 2001, the reference genome draft was released in 2013 where they had read these fragments more accurately.

Why Did It Take So Long To Decipher The Human Genome?

The Human Genome Project that first realised its goal in 1988 aimed to decipher the human genome in three major ways:<ul><li>Determining the order, or "sequence", of all the bases in our genome's DNA</li><li>Making maps that show the locations of genes for major sections of all our chromosomes</li><li>Producing what is called linkage maps, through which we inherit trait</li></ul>

What is the Human Genome Project? 

<a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20010226-genome-sequence-shows-man-probably-originated-on-earth-about-100000-years-ago-775675-2001-02-26">The project has revealed that there are probably about 20,500 human genes </a>and the information about their structure, organization and function can be "thought of as the basic set of inheritable 'instructions' for the development and function of a human being."A startling finding of this first draft was that the number of human genes appeared to be significantly fewer than previous estimates, which ranged from 50,000 genes to as many as 1,40,000.

The Human Genome Project

Scientists deciphered the complete human genome twenty years after the first draft was released in 2001. Now they have uncovered over 100 new genes.

Scientists complete decoding human genome, uncover over 100 new genes, variations

The body replaces itself with a new set of cells every seven to ten years. This has been discovered by Swedish molecular biologist, Dr. Jonas Frisen.When it comes to aging, our DNAs remain the same from the day of a cell's birth throughout its lifespan, however, most new atoms are taken in through the air we breathe, the food we consume, and the liquids we intake.

Body Rejuvenation

Medical professionals and scientists think that various cancers grow in the human body when cancerous cells replenish through division. Through chemotherapy, it wipes out a wide range of cells indiscriminately without particularly focusing on the source of cancer.Hopefully, shortly researchers will, pinpoint cancer originators and block those cells from duplicating without interfering with other healthy cells.

Cell Renewal and Cancer

The body renews itself at varying paces, for example, the lifespan for the following:<ul><li>The skin rejuvenates every 2-4 weeks;</li><li>The hair, about six years for women and three years for men;</li><li>The liver rejuvenates every 150-500 days;</li><li>The stomach and intestines, every five days due to corrosive acids;</li><li>The bones take a full 10 years.</li></ul>

The Cell's Lifespan

<ul><li>The eye's cornea can regenerate itself in as little as one day, but the lens and other areas don't change;</li><li>The cerebral cortex stays with us from birth to death. </li></ul>

Cells That Never Leave

Does your body really replace itself every seven years? Find out at HowStuffWorks.com

Health

Does your body really replace itself every seven years?

We often see similar facial appearances of family members in photo albums, observing how genes determine certain distinctive features in our bodies.
In-depth genetic knowledge and how our DNA is linked to facial appearance is a relatively new accomplishment by geneticists. 130 chromosomal regions which are associated with our facial shapes and features have been identified, in a comprehensive process involving scanning the DNA of 8000 participants.

How Genes Determine Our Facial Features

<ol>
<li>The nose is the most influenced DNA facial feature.</li>
<li>Genetic influence is not uniform or predictable, as certain genetic factors interact with the genome in complex ways, known as epistasis.</li>
<li>Certain facial features are linked with the probability of diseases like cancer.</li>
<li>Genetic understanding of this kind, previously unheard of, will advance personalised treatments and help in forecasting upcoming physical and mental health issues.</li>
</ol>

Genes And Our Facial Features: The Findings And Emerging Patterns

Scientists scanned the DNA of 8,000 people to figure out how genes control facial features. Here's what they found.

Quantum biology and living entities

Is it possible to recreate dinosaurs from their DNA?

Scientists complete decoding human genome, uncover over 100 new genes, variations

Does your body really replace itself every seven years?

Here's how genes determine your facial features

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