"Nothing in life is to be feared, it is only to be understood. Now is the time to understand more, so that we may fear less.":)

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Scientific Principles 🔮

In February 2001, when researchers released the first set of the human genome sequence, it was a seismic event in the history of life sciences. However, it was not truly complete and 15 per cent of the genome was still to be deciphered. The most complicated chunk of DNA called for further research and technological advancement.

Scientists decipher the complete human genome & found new genes.

A team of 99 researchers led the groundbreaking discovery by identifying about 115 new genes <a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/google-deepmind-artificial-intelligence-protein-structures-medicine-life-sciences-1832809-2021-07-26" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">that code for proteins</a>.The Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) Consortium, an international collaboration that comprises around 30 institutions, <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/search/author1%3Amiga%20author2%3Aphillippy%20jcode%3Abiorxiv%20limit_from%3A2021-05-01%20limit_to%3A2021-07-15%20numresults%3A10%20sort%3Arelevance-rank%20format_result%3Astandard" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">has released data that gives new insights into the workings of the DNA </a>and how it influences risks of disease and how cells keep it in neatly organised. Experts say that the new details will open our eyes to critical information stored within DNA that had remained elusive forever.

Groundbreaking Discovery 

A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA<a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20180910-rakhigarhi-dna-study-findings-indus-valley-civilisation-1327247-2018-08-31" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">, the chemical compound that contains the instructions </a>needed to develop and direct the activities of nearly all living organisms. They are made of two twisting, paired strands often referred to as a double helix. Each DNA strand is made of four chemical units, called nucleotide bases, which comprise the genetic "alphabet."Virtually every single cell in the body contains a complete copy of the approximately 3 billion DNA base pairs, or letters, that make up the human genome. DNA contains the information needed to build the entire human body.

What Is A Human Genome?

Scientists identified 3.055 billion base pairs (“letters”) of our DNA code as they made the data public. However, the wait has been over two decades since the first draft was released in 2001. Scientists have known for decades that genes were spread across 23 pairs of chromosomes.<a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/un-calls-for-global-database-of-human-gene-editing-research-1827587-2021-07-13" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">As long stretches of the genome remained unknown </a>, scientists struggled to understand where millions of bases fit. While they released the first draft in 2001, the reference genome draft was released in 2013 where they had read these fragments more accurately.

Why Did It Take So Long To Decipher The Human Genome?

The Human Genome Project that first realised its goal in 1988 aimed to decipher the human genome in three major ways:<ul><li>Determining the order, or "sequence", of all the bases in our genome's DNA</li><li>Making maps that show the locations of genes for major sections of all our chromosomes</li><li>Producing what is called linkage maps, through which we inherit trait</li></ul>

What is the Human Genome Project? 

<a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20010226-genome-sequence-shows-man-probably-originated-on-earth-about-100000-years-ago-775675-2001-02-26" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">The project has revealed that there are probably about 20,500 human genes </a>and the information about their structure, organization and function can be "thought of as the basic set of inheritable 'instructions' for the development and function of a human being."A startling finding of this first draft was that the number of human genes appeared to be significantly fewer than previous estimates, which ranged from 50,000 genes to as many as 1,40,000.

The Human Genome Project

Scientists deciphered the complete human genome twenty years after the first draft was released in 2001. Now they have uncovered over 100 new genes.

Science

Scientists complete decoding human genome, uncover over 100 new genes, variations

In the Big 5 Model of personality traits, being a neurotic not only disposes you to anxiety and other negative emotions, but to spending lots of time ruminating about all those feelings.&nbsp;Negative feelings will lead a nuerotic person to either internalize, withdrawing into their insecurities and ruminations, or externalize, getting angry, irritable, or impulsive. In order to deal with this, they'll attempt to suppress negative feelings and risk developing disordered behaviors, which, essentially, are people’s ill-fated attempts to feel better.&nbsp;

What is Neuroticism? 

"Negative emotion" makes it sound like it's something you need to get rid of. Dalai Lama conceptualizes it as: Rather than calling sadness or anger a negative emotion, call it what it rightly is — a difficult emotion.

1. Reframe “negative” to “difficult.”

If you’re unwilling to experience difficult emotions, then you’re going to preclude yourself from things like relationships, fitness or career.&nbsp;To combat this, you need to develop a discipline of risk-taking, forcing yourself to do things you wouldn’t do and make that a regular part of your life. The point isn’t to cure neuroticism but to counterbalance it. The opposite of anxiety is exploration.

2. Seek Adventure 

Internally, having a fine-grained understanding of your emotional states can be liberating. When people can describe their emotional states with complexity they experience all sorts benefits, like less <a href="http://pss.sagepub.com/content/21/9/1341.short" target="_self">alcoholism</a> or <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22023359" target="_self">aggression</a> and more <a href="http://www.affective-science.org/pubs/2001/01MaprelationDiffReg.pdf" target="_self">“emotion regulation,”</a> or being able to keep your psychological footing when things get bumpy.

3. Get more granular.

The actual act of putting those states into words grants relief. Expressively writing for 20 minutes a day for three days has shown to help people become less depressed, less anxious, and take fewer visits to the doctor.

4. Put It Into Words 

Don’t believe everything you think. Dispositional mindfulness — or the quality of generally being aware of what you’re thinking and feeling — has been shown to lessen the depressive effects of neuroticism. Meditation also allows you to nonjudgmentally attend to your own emotions, even if they don’t make you comfortable.

5. Hold your thoughts with a looser grip

In the Buddhist tradition this is called self compassion. With self-compassionyou’re holding your own hand, befriending the emotion, make empathy intrapersonal.In a formal practice it would go like this: Spend five or seven minutes in body-based mindfulness, which sets the table and gets you out of your head, then summon an emotion that you’re having difficulty with — heartache, anxiety about work, regret about the thing you did last weekend — and wish yourself well. The four slogans used in Tibetan meditation are: May I be happy, May I be safe, May I be at ease, May I be healthy.

6. Befriend yourself

Or: How to adapt to your own personality.

Self improvement

How to (Kind of) Master Your Neuroticism

Dreams occur in the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) stage of sleep. We tend to remember the dreams that are seen just prior to waking up, but often the experience of time during our dream and awake stages is skewed. Swedish and German scientists studied Lucid Dreamers(People who are aware while dreaming and are able to control the dream) and found out that there is a negligible time difference in non-physical tasks done in the dream stage vs in reality.
Physical tasks, like running, took longer in dreams than in reality.

Our Experience Of Time During Dreams

Health

How does time change when we dream? - BBC Science Focus Magazine

Humans have incredible creative potential. Our ability for creating remarkable inventions like megacities or symphonies shows our capacity to imagine possibilities and make them happen.
Looking at history shows us that collaborative creativity was instrumental to our success in the past and the future.

Potential for creativity

Problem Solving

Human creativity is our ability to move to and fro between the realms of &quot;what is&quot; and &quot;what could be.&quot; Creativity is a two-stage process:
<ul>
<li>It&#39;s the ability to work through a challenge or an idea by imagining possible outcomes that are not immediately evident.</li>
<li>It&#39;s the capacity to make that imagined outcome into a reality.</li>
</ul>
Creativity is not only about genius or limited to the work of original thinkers. Creativity appears from the interconnections of ideas, experiences, and imagination.

The two-stage process of creativity

When we participate in an activity that involves our distinct human ability to imagine, create, or enjoy imagery, sound and sensations like poetry, music or carpentry, it stimulates cognitive and physiological processes that strengthen our creative abilities. Our creative and collaborative actions have many beneficial outcomes, and we can try to use those to change or offset the negative.

scienceofus

MARIE CURIE

Scientific Principles 🔮

Scientists decipher the complete human genome & found new genes.

Scientists complete decoding human genome, uncover over 100 new genes, variations