The black swan theory or theory of black swan events is a metaphor that describes an event that comes as a surprise, has a major effect, and is often inappropriately rationalized after the fact with the benefit of hindsight. The term is based on an ancient saying that presumed black swans did not exist – a saying that became reinterpreted to teach a different lesson after the first European encounter with them.

• The COVID-19🦠😷
• The Spanish Flu-all the focus was on WWl and the politics of it
• Hitler and Holocaust
• Collapse of Communism-none of the thousands of experts predicted it
• Economic crisis of 2008-went far beyond a normal recession-once it happened economists and...