Database sharding
Sharding means splitting your data across multiple nodes. This can be done in different ways:
1. Vertical sharding
- Store tables on different nodes.
- Drawback: If one of these tables gets very large, then you need to re-shard that database.
2. Key-based sharding
- Use part of your data (usually the row ID) to shard it.
- Drawback: The number of nodes is fixed. If you want to add more nodes, then you have to reallocate the data.
3. Directory-based sharding
- Maintain a lookup table for where each data is found.
- Drawback: The lookup table is a single point of failure, that's constantly under load.
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