Key Quantum Algorithms and Their Applications

Several quantum algorithms, such as Shor's algorithm for factoring large numbers and Grover's algorithm for searching unsorted databases, showcase the transformative power of quantum computing. Shor’s algorithm, for instance, is especially notable for its ability to factorize integers exponentially faster than classical algorithms, posing a serious threat to RSA encryption, one of the most widely used cryptographic protocols today. 

Grover's algorithm,  offers a quadratic speedup for searching unsorted databases, which has implications for data retrieval, AI, and machine learning tasks.