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Using Primary Sources in Research Projects - Definition and Examples
Raw Data
For an artefact to qualify as a primary source, it has to be created during the event or experience at a particular time in history and record the data from that time. Data from primary sources may be raw, biased and subjective.
Also called original sources, it is often an unreliable source of information due to distortion, selective recall, and selective omission.
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First-Hand Knowledge
Just like text-book knowledge is different from actual experience, primary source refers to information that is firsthand, something actually studied and created, instead of just referenced from an existing source.
Primary sources provide a more accurate description of history.
Raw Data
For an artefact to qualify as a primary source, it has to be created during the event or experience at a particular time in history and record the data from that time. Data from primary sources may be raw, biased and subjective.
Also called original sources, it is often an unreliable source of information due to distortion, selective recall, and selective omission.
Supporting Historical Claims
Primary sources, with all its faults, provide the raw data to build the main historical event or hypothesis, and can also be used as evidence to support a historical claim.
Historically, documents, objects, maps, tools, and clothing may be the primary sources, providing the necessary evidence.
Mapping Information
In many situations, secondary sources are a better fit to comprehend and understand basic facts, and they are better mapped and systematic in nature.
Primary data is best collected by actual field research, content analysis, surveys and real-time experiments.
SIMILAR ARTICLES & IDEAS:
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Failure
Success is sought after by most, while failure is looked down upon, even seen as something shameful.
More than success, it is our failures, errors and rejections that provide us wit...
The Ostrich Effect
Once we have invested our time, effort and resources in something, we tend to avoid correcting ourselves in real-time if we are off-track.
Inversely, when people engage in mental contrasting, anticipating the upcoming obstacles, they tend to succeed.
Failure Is A Goldmine
Sharing information on failure among peers means less work overall, and better success for the entire team, as team members do not have to reinvent the wheel by making the same mistake to learn from it.
People do not share failure as it hurts their self-esteem, but if we keep the personal equation aside, a lot can be gained from the collective knowledge of what didn’t work.
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Defining Eudaimonia
Eudaimonia is a term which comes from Aristotle’s work called ‘Nicomachean Ethics’ and means individual well-being and happiness. It combines the prefix eu (meaning good) ...
Plato And Eudaimonism
- Plato believed that because we feel unhappy internally when we do something wrong, eudaimonia is the highest feeling of moral thought and behaviour where there is real happiness from within. Happiness, according to him, was about living in the pursuit of various virtues, central to flourishing.
- Plato never mentioned the term eudaimonia, but his writings on the concept of courage, justice, wisdom and moderation point towards the same domain of wellbeing.
Aristotle And Eudaimonism
Aristotle in his many works has provided numerous interpretations of eudaimonia, explaining it as something reflecting the pursuit of virtue, excellence and the best within us. According to him, eudaimonia is a rational activity aimed at the pursuit of what is worthwhile in life.
Having an intention to be virtuous was an important factor for eudaimonia.
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Information storms
We often feel overwhelmed when we are exposed to a large volume of information. We also rely on secondary knowledge that does not come from any external source.
To put it another way: rightly...
How misinformation builds
- When we encounter unfamiliar information on a social network, we verify it in one of two ways. We either go through the burdensome process of countless claims and counter-claims to understand if it is true, or we rely on others by way of social proof.
- If we search for online information, instead of coming up with our own way of assessing the quality or the usefulness of every website, we rely on Google's PageRank algorithm to come up with the best sites. In essence, we rely on other people to source information by use of user traffic, reviews, ratings, clicks and likes.
How to handle an infostorm
Infostorms are like actual storms: they are a product of climatic conditions. Different climates can produce different results.
The more we understand the chain of events that led to a particular view, the better we are equipped to appreciate it if we are skeptical or take into account other perspectives.