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Colin I.
@colinii53
We’re swayed by anecdotes
Anecdotal stories can undermine our ability to make scientifically driven judgements in real-world contexts.
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Damien
@damien_i69
The Backfire Effect: Why Facts Don't Always Change Minds
The backfire effect
Is a cognitive bias and it means that showing people evidence which proves that they are wrong is often ineffective, and can actually end up backfiring, by causing them to support their o...
Why the backfire effect appears
People experience as a result of the process that they go through when they encounter information that contradicts their preexisting beliefs.
When people argue strongly enough against unwelcome information, they end up, in their mind, with more arguments that support their original stance.
Reducing other people’s backfire effect
If you’re trying to explain to someone the issues with their stance, you can mitigate the backfire effect by presenting new information in a way that encourages the other person to consider and internalize that information, instead of rejecting it outright.
Tiger Max
@tmaxter
How to read the news like a scientist
Healthy skepticism
Find out who is making the claim
When you encounter a new claim, look for conflicts of interest. Ask: Do they stand to profit from what they say? Are they affiliated with an organization that could be swaying them? Other questions to consider: What makes the writer or speaker qualified to comment on the topic? What statements have they made in the past?
The halo effect
Is a cognitive bias that makes our feeling towards someone affect how we judge their claims. If we dislike someone, we are a lot more likely to disagree with them; if we like them, we are biased to agree.
Colin I.
@colinii53
Problems with how we view scientific studies
The world is full of evidence and studies, some good and some poor.
- One major problem is that scientific lingo often means something different from everyday ...
The difference between a hypothesis and a theory
A hypothesis is often the first step of the scientific method. It is a proposed and still-unproven explanation that can be tested through experiments and observations.
In science, a theory is a widely accepted idea backed by data, observations, and experiments. Of course, established scientific theories can later be changed or rejected if there's enough data to support it.
Selection bias
Studies can suffer from selection bias when people are recruited from a specific group that are not representative of the whole. Scientists select a smaller group to study, but the chosen set isn't random enough and is therefore somehow biased in favor of a specific outcome of the study.
Selection bias can also occur when certain types of people are more likely to want to be involved or are more committed to staying in a longer experiment.
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