Our nature may be to view the cost-benefits of taking actions and be willing to retreat to conformity instead of getting punished.Some ventures into different kinds of actions are discouraged if they don't yield big rewards. It may explain inaction to start your own business, but a strong expectation to show up on time to work.

Sticking Your Neck Out

Some possible but weak reasons why action is hard:<ul><li>Talent. But the world is full of brilliant stars that flame out and mediocre minds that build empires.</li><li>Preferences can explain our failure to try, but don't explain our inner struggles with inaction.</li><li>Capacity for effort. If your capacity for doing things is lower, it does not explain chronic bursts of activity with inevitable crashes in your goals and projects.</li><li>Motivation. Some people with the most reason have the hardest time taking action. </li></ul>

Explaining inaction

Traditional approaches often focus on human will alone. But, our minds are complicated things, with many conscious and unconscious control mechanisms.To take action, we need to not only have new inputs to turn us in the right direction, but also the ability to keep headed in the chosen direction.

Get Better at Taking Action

Inaction is the biggest cause of our failures and our miseries. If we could consistently do the things we know we should do, we would be more successful, and our lives would be better. Yet we struggle to take action.

Taking action = eventual success

Our conscious mind may be functioning more by making reasonable-sounding explanations for its behavior rather than actually making decisions.This means that we fail because the unconscious parts of our mind have decided not to take action. You might be convincing yourself that you want to pursue a goal when your unconscious mind is not committed to it.

Social-Desirability Bias

Motivation and expectation of success create a feedback loop: <ul><li>Your motivation to complete a task depends on the value of the reward and your expectation of success. </li><li>Your expectation of success depends on your motivation.</li></ul>If your projects tend to fail, your expectations are low, and motivation fades. If your projects tend to succeed, your expectations go up, and motivation stays strong.

Confidence

We have two characteristic modes of viewing things—an abstract (or far-mode) and a concrete (or near-mode) view.Because of the two modes, many big goals have a far-near incompatibility that can make it difficult to take action on. The person who dreams up the goal is different from the one who executes it.

Daydreams and Reality

Procrastination may be a delaying tactic to avoid wasting energy here and now, even if you think you might work harder later on.

We're Short-Sighted

You're supposed to write an essay, but you procrastinate. The treadmill is collecting dust in your basement. You want to learn a language, start a business or change careers, but those ideas go nowhere. Inaction is something we've all experienced. Inaction, more than anything else, is the cause of our failures and our miseries.

Social-Desirability Bias

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