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To avoid Simpson's Paradox, which leads us to two different interpretations of the same data,
we need to analyse the data either by splitting it into groups or by aggregating it together.
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The reason behind this uncertainty was that we ignored the below point.
Compared to men, more women applied to departments that were harder to get into.
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Simpson's paradox occurs when there are variables that split data into multiple separate distributions. This hidden variable is referred to as the Lurking variable.
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With Simpson's paradox at hand, decision-making can be hard. But understanding and identifying this paradox is important for interpreting the data clearly.
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Let us assume that we are observing several groups of data and we establish a relationship or correlation between them.
According to Simpson's Paradox, when we combine all the groups together and look at the aggregate form of the data, the correlation that we noticed may reverse itself!
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One of the most famous examples of Simpson's paradox is, admission to graduate school at US Berkeley in 1973. Due to this turmoil UC Berkeley Almost Got Sued For Sex Discrimination!
When we look at the overall Admissions, men are most likely to get accepted than women
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However, when overall admissions are divided into department-wise admissions, women are more likely to be admitted than men.
Out of the 6 departments 4 of the departments accepted women more than men.
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Simpson's Paradox, also known as the Yule-Simpson effect, is a statistical phenomenon in which a trend that appears in several groups of data eventually disappears or overturns when the groups are combined.
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Other curated ideas on this topic:
To adopt a paradox mindset means to consider the world with a “both/and” approach instead of an “either/or” one.
In times of change, uncertainty and scarcity, we need to do many tasks together. And people need to feel comfort with discomfort.
Cannibalization is where one site has two competing URLs and performs, we suspect, less well because of it.
Possible reasons for low performance:
We usually believe that effort will be draining and that it's better to save our energy for when we really need it. Yet, more often than not, the opposite is the case: when we really use our full effort for something that truly matters to us, we feel more energized, not less.
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