In an unfamiliar culture, it is wise to offer no innovations, no suggestions, or lessons.

NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • Maya Angelou shares her path to living well and with meaning in this absorbing book of personal essays. Dedicated to the daughter she never had but sees all around her, Letter to My Daughter transcends genres and categories: guidebook, memoir, poetry, and pure delight. Here in short spellbinding essays are glimpses of the tumultuous life that led Angelou to an exalted place in American letters and taught her lessons in compassion and fortitude: how she was brought up by her indomitable grandmother in segregated Arkansas, taken in at thirteen by her more worldly and less religious mother, and grew to be an awkward, six-foot-tall teenager whose first experience of loveless sex paradoxically left her with her greatest gift, a son. Whether she is recalling such lost friends as Coretta Scott King and Ossie Davis, extolling honesty, decrying vulgarity, explaining why becoming a Christian is a “lifelong endeavor,” or simply singing the praises of a meal of red rice–Maya Angelou writes from the heart to millions of women she considers her extended family. Like the rest of her remarkable work, Letter to My Daughter entertains and teaches; it is a book to cherish, savor, re-read, and share. “I gave birth to one child, a son, but I have thousands of daughters. You are Black and White, Jewish and Muslim, Asian, Spanish speaking, Native Americans and Aleut. You are fat and thin and pretty and plain, gay and straight, educated and unlettered, and I am speaking to you all. Here is my offering to you.”—from Letter to My Daughter

Letter to My Daughter

Ordinary least squares, or linear least squares, estimates the parameters in a regression model by minimizing the sum of the squared residuals.

What is Ordinary Least Square Method?

OLS Assumptions are the Conditions that we need to consider them before performing Regression Analysis.Some OLS Assumptions are:  <ol><li>Linearity</li><li>No Endogeneity</li><li>Normality</li><li>Zero Mean of Error Terms</li><li>Homoscedasticity</li><li>No Autocorrelation</li><li>No Multicollinearity</li></ol>

Assumptions for OLS

<ul><li>A Linear Regression is Linear because the Equation is Linear.</li><li>To verify the Linearity between Independent and Dependent Variable apply Scatter plot.</li><li>If the Data points form a pattern that looks like a Straight Line then Linear Regression is Suitable.</li></ul>

1. Linearity

If the pattern doesn't looks like a Straight Line, then we need to apply<ul><li class="ql-align-justify">A Non Linear Regression or</li><li class="ql-align-justify">Exponential Transformation or</li><li class="ql-align-justify">Log Transformation.</li></ul>

Non-Linear Pattern

<ul><li>Technically, Endogeneity occurs when a predictor variable (x) in a regression model is correlated with the error term (e) in the model.</li><li>This usually occurs due to the Omitted Variable Bias (when we forget to include a relevant variable in the Model).</li><li>As the thing that we don’t explain with our model goes into the error, the error would be correlated to the variable that we have omitted.</li><li>Omitted Variable Bias is hard to find. When in doubt, include the Variable in the model and try it yourself. </li></ul>

2. No Endogeneity

<ul><li>We need to consider that our Error Term is normally distributed.</li><li>We only need Normal Distribution while making Statistical Inferences.</li><li>T-tests and F-tests work because we have assumed normality.</li><li>If Error Term isn't normally distributed then we can use Central Limit Theorem.</li></ul>

3. Normality of Error Terms

<ul><li>If the Mean of the Error Terms is not expected to be zero then the line is not the Best fitting one.</li><li>Having an Intercept Solves the problem. </li></ul>

4. Zero Mean of Error Terms

<ul><li>Homoscedasticity means to have “Equal Variance”. The error terms should have equal variance with one another.</li><li>When the error terms don’t have “Equal Variance”, then Heteroscedasticity happens.</li></ul>

5. Homoscedasticity

In order to prevent Heteroscedasticity, we need to<ul><li>Look for Omitted Variable Bias.</li><li>Look for Outliers.</li><li>Apply log Transformation.</li></ul>

Heteroscedasticity 

<ul><li>Autocorrelation is a mathematical representation of the degree of similarity between a given time series and a lagged version of itself over successive time intervals.</li><li>It is similar to the Correlation between two different Time Series but Autocorrelation uses same time series twice.</li><li>One is Original form and other one is Lagged version of Original form.</li></ul>

6. No Autocorrelation 

To detect autocorrelation<ul><li>Plot all points and check for patterns or</li><li>Use Durbin - Watson test.</li></ul>There is no remedy for Autocorrelation. Instead of linear regression, we can use<ul><li>Autoregressive Models.</li><li>Moving Average Models.</li></ul>

Autocorrelation Detection

<ul><li>We observe Multicollinearity when two or more Independent Variables in a model are “Highly Correlated”.</li><li>Correlation could be Positive (or) Negative.</li><li>This will lead result in less reliable predictions.</li><li>Multicollinearity can be noticed easily by finding the correlation between each two pairs of Independent Variables.</li></ul>

7. No Multicollinearity

To fix Multicollinearity: <ul><li>If the Dataset is small, we can drop one independent variable.</li><li>If the Dataset is large, we will use Ridge and Lasso Regression.</li></ul>

Fixing Multicollinearity

These are some of the Assumptions to be pondered while Applying Ordinary Least Square Method and Performing Regression Analysis.

Education

OLS (Ordinary Least Square) Assumptions

नास्ति काम समो व्याधिर्नासि्त मोहसमो रिपु:।नास्ति कोप समो वह्रि: नास्ति ज्ञानात्परें सुखम्।।

No Disease is More Deadly than Sexual Desire.No Enemy is more Dangerous than Infatuation. No Fire is more Scorching than the Fire of Wrath.No Happiness is Better than the Self-knowledge.

Meaning Of Above Sutra

One of the greatest figures of wisdom and knowledge in the Indian history is Chanakya. Chanakya is regarded as a great thinker and diplomat in India who is traditionally identified as Kautilya or Vishnu Gupta. Originally a professor of economics and political science at the ancient Takshashila University, Chanakya managed the first Maurya Emperor Chandragupta's rise to power at a young age. Instead of acquiring the seat of kingdom for himself, he crowned Chandragupta Maurya as the emperor and served as his chief advisor. Chanakya Neeti is a treatise on the ideal way of life, and shows Chanakya's deep study of the Indian way of life. These practical and powerful strategies provide a path to live an orderly and planned life. If these strategies are followed in any sphere of life, victory is certain. Chanakya also developed Neeti-Sutras (aphorisms ? pithy sentences) that tell people how they should behave. Chanakya used these sutras to groom Chandragupta and other selected disciples in the art of ruling a kingdom. But these sutras are also relevant in this modern age and are very useful for us. For the first time, Chanakya Neeti and Chanakya Sutras are compiled in this book to make Chanakya's invaluable wisdom easily available to the common readers. This book presents Chanakya's powerful strategies and principles in a very lucid manner for the benefit of our valuable readers.

Chanakya Neeti

You learn something valuable from all of the significant events and people. but you never touch your true potential until you challenge yourself to go beyond imposed limitations.

It's important that what thoughts you are feeding into your mind because your thoughts create your belief and experiences. You have positive thoughts and you have negative ones too. Nurture your mind with positive thoughts: kindness, empathy, compassion, peace, love, joy, humility, generosity, etc. The more you feed your mind with positive thoughts, the more you can attract great things into your life.

The Light in the Heart

Every Deep Thinker is more afraid of being understood than being Misunderstood.

A scathing and powerful critique of philosophy, religion and science. Here Nietzsche presents us with problems and challenges that are as troubling as they are inspiring, while at the same time outlining the virtues, ideas, and practices which will characterise the philosophy of the future. Relentless, energetic, tirelessly probing, he both determines that philosophy's agenda and is himself the embodiment of the type of thought he wants to foster.

Quotes

Beyond Good and Evil

Let your plans be dark and impenetrable as night. And when you move, Fall like a Thunderbolt

The Art of War is an enduring classic that holds a special place in the culture and history of East Asia. An ancient Chinese text on the philosophy and politics of warfare and military strategy, the treatise was written in 6th century B.C. by a warrior-philosopher now famous all over the world as Sun Tzu. Sun Tzu's teachings remain as relevant to leaders and strategists today as they were to rulers and military generals in ancient times. Divided into thirteen chapters and written succinctly, The Art of War is a must-read for anybody who works in a competitive environment.

The Art of War

No matter how the wind howls, The mountain cannot bow to it.

Dec 27, 2013 - No matter how the wind howls, the mountain cannot bow to it

Self Improvement

Quotes from Disney Characters

We are products of our past, But we don't have to be prisoners of it.- Rick Warren

Dwelling On Past

The New York Times #1 bestselling book by Pastor Rick Warren that helps you understand and live out the purpose of your life. Before you were born, God already planned your life. God longs for you to discover the life he uniquely created you to live--here on earth, and forever in eternity. Let The Purpose Driven Life show you how. As one of the bestselling nonfiction books in history, with more than 35 million copies sold, The Purpose Driven Life is far more than just a book; it's the road map for your spiritual journey. A journey that will transform your life. Designed to be read in 42 days, each chapter provides a daily meditation and practical steps to help you discover and live out your purpose, starting with exploring three of life's most pressing questions: The Question of Existence: Why am I alive? The Question of Significance: Does my life matter? The Question of Purpose: What on earth am I here for? The book also includes links to 3-minute video introductions and a 30- to 40-minute audio Bible study message for each chapter. Plus questions for further study and additional resources. The Purpose Driven Life is available in audiobook, ebook, softcover, and hardcover editions. Also available: The Purpose Driven Life video study and study guide, journal, devotional, book for kids, book for churches, Spanish edition, Large Print edition, and more.

Bite-sized knowledge
to upgrade
your career

Le Saì De vénu
@v_for_venusai

Letter to My Daughter

OLS (Ordinary Least Square) Assumptions

Chanakya Neeti

The Light in the Heart

Beyond Good and Evil

Bite-sized knowledgeto upgradeyour career

Le Saì De vénu@v_for_venusai

Letter to My Daughter

OLS (Ordinary Least Square) Assumptions

Chanakya Neeti

The Light in the Heart

Beyond Good and Evil

Bite-sized knowledge
to upgrade
your career

Le Saì De vénu
@v_for_venusai