Socrates argues that not all pleasures are beneficial, and not all pains are harmful. Discerning this difference is crucial to living well, and this leads to a debate over whether a life focused on politics or philosophy is better. While both Socrates and Callicles agree that oratory can serve the body and soul, Socrates argues that most public speakers prioritize personal gain over the public good. He emphasizes that the soul should be well-ordered, and that a good orator would prioritize the soul's well-being, just as a doctor considers long-term health.