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Smoky Joe
@smokyjoe
Emerging technologies for space exploration
Two emerging technologies may propel NASA and the rest of the world into an era of faster, low-cost exploration that would lead to more exploration and democratise access to the Solar System.
- A new generation of companies is developing new rockets for small satellites. Rocket Lab has a lunar program for its small Electron rocket, and Virgin Orbit with a group of Polish universities is to launch up to three missions to Mars with its LauncherOne vehicle.
- At the same time, various components of satellites are being miniaturised.
- Tiny satellites are no longer theoretical. Two years ago, a pair of CubeSats, called MarCO-A and MarCO-B, launched with the InSight mission. The briefcase-sized satellites deployed their own solar arrays and journeyed to Mars.
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Mohamed Byrne
@mbyrne20
Asteroids
- Asteroids are rocks which revolve around the sun. They are usually too small to be considered as a planet since they can be as small as 2 meters but they can be as big as 94...
The formation of asteroids
Asteroids are what's left after the formation of our solar system from billions of years ago.
It is believed that the reason why they were formed were because of the birth of Jupiter. Its birth hindered any planetary bodies to form in the space between Mars and Jupiter, which resulted to the small objects that were present to crash onto each other and fragment themselves.
The two theories that back this up are the Nice model and the Grand Tack.
Categorizing asteroids
The different types of asteroids are:
- Main belt asteroids - Lies in between Mars and Jupiter; holds more than 200 asteroids
- Trojan asteroids - found outside the main belt; usually orbits larger planets
- Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) - circles close to earth; there are three types of NEAs, Apollo, Aten, and Atira
- The C-type - carbonaceous asteroids
- The S-type - silicaceous asteroids
- The M-type - metallic asteroids
- The V-type - has a basaltic and volcanic crust
Cherry Mary
@cmary510
Pioneer
Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 were launched in 1972 and 1973. They were the first spacecraft to visit Jupiter and Saturn in a one-way voyage.
- Pioneer 10 traveled through...
Voyager
Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 probes followed after the Pioneers.
- They made many important discoveries about Jupiter and Saturn.
- Discoveries include rings around Jupiter and volcanism on Jupiter's moon.
- Voyager made the first flybys of Uranus, where it discovered ten new moons.
- It found that Neptune weighs less than first thought.
- Both Voyager crafts can continue to transmit radio signals until at least 2025.
- It is now exploring the edge of the solar system.
WMAP
The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) was launched in 2001 and measured the temperature of the radiation left over from the Big Bang.
- The craft can map out the fluctuations in the presumed cosmic microwave background radiation.
- The data from WMAP revealed a better estimate for the age of the universe.
- It confirmed that about 95 percent of the universe is composed of dark matter and dark energy.
Julia L.
@julia_yl497
International Space Station: Facts, History & Tracking
The International Space Station
The ISS is a multi-nation super satellite, the largest single construct in space, made between 1998 and 2011.
As of 2018, 230 astronauts and 18 countries have visited the Internat...
ISS Journey Around Earth
The International Space Center circles the globe every 90 minutes at a speed of 17,500 mph. It flies at an altitude of 248 miles above Earth.
It holds a crew of three to six people, and for a long time, used the Russian Soyuz spacecraft as a way to transport astronauts. SpaceX has sent 2 more astronauts in May 2020, using their Special Dragon Spacecraft, courtesy Elon Musk.
Activities of ISS
Astronauts mainly perform experiments and do maintenance at the ISS. They also do some personal care and exercise, reach out to Earth to conduct some media or school events, and occasionally perform spacewalks. They also use a bit of Twitter.
Human health research, especially eye problems are a major activity. Biological activities, animal tests and testing of appliances in space is also done.
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