A start system or stellar system is a small number of stats that orbit each other, bound by gravitational attraction.A large group of stars bound by gravitation is generally called a star cluster or galaxy, although, broadly speaking, they are also star system.

What Is Star System?  🌟

A system of two stars orbiting each other is a binary star 🌟A system with more than two stars orbiting each other is a multiple star system.Open clusters ate made of young stars that formed from the same nebula.The stars may eventually be pulled apart by gravitational attraction to other objects.

How Are Star Systems Made?

Turbulence within a single core leads to multiple dense clumps. These clumps independently collapse to form stars that orbit each other. Gravitational instabilities in a massive accretion disk cause the formation of a similar, secondary disk within the first ,resulting in two stars that orbit each other.

How Are Binary Stars Formed

It's easily possible to have 8,9,or even greater numbers of stars all bound together in the same system for millions or even billions of years.

Is An 8 Star System Possible?!! 

Stars die because they exhaust their nuclear fuel. Once there is no fuel left, the star collapse and the outer layers explode as a 'supernova ' what's left over after a supernova explosion is a neutron star- the collapsed core of the star -or, if there's sufficient mass, a black hole.

What Happens If A Star Dies? 🌟

Stars are mainly made of hydrogen and helium gas. In the centre of a star ,the temperature and pressure are so high that four protons can fuse to form helium, in a series of steps. This process releases huge amount of energy and makes the star shine brightly. At beginning of their life , stars burn hydrogen.

What Happens Inside A Star. 

Stars are not always single ,most of them are combined, having 2 od more star systems ,for instance Alpha Centuari is a system of 3 stars

Some twenty-three years after the discovery of pulsars and their identification as rotating neutron stars, neutron star physics may be regarded as comingofage. Pul sars and accreting neutron stars have now been studied at every wavelength, from the initial radio observations, through optical, X-, and "{-ray, up to the very recent observations in the TeV region, while theorists have studied in some detail relevant physical processes both outside and inside neutron stars. As a result, comparisonof theory with observation provides a test ofour theoretical ideas in fields as diverse as neutron and nuclear matter, superfluidity and superconductivity, the acceleration of high energy particles, and the generation and maintenance of intense magnetic fields. For example, through observations of glitches and post glitch behavior of pulsars, it has become possible to establish the presence ofsuperfluid neutron mat ter in the inner crust of neutron stars, and to determine some of its properties, while neutron stars in compact binary systems offer one ofthe most efficient energy generation mechanisms known. It is in fact the interactive interpretation of these ,diverse pieces of information that can lead to major advances in our understanding of the physics of these exotic objects, and justifies the characterization of neutron stars as hadron physics laboratories.

books

Books

J.E Ventura

David Pines

Neutron Stars: Theory and Observation

Air consists of a mixture of gases .By volume ,about 78% of this mixture is nitrogen and about 21% is oxygen. Carbon dioxide, argon ,methane,Ozone and water vapour are also present in very small quantities, Nearly 1 %.

Constituents Of Air 

You may have covered your nose while passing a brick kiln emitting smoke or started coughing while walking on a busy road ,on the basis of your experience, compare the quality of air at the following places;⊙a park and a busy road●a residental area and an industrial area ⊙A village and a town

A Congested Road 

Sometimes, pollutants may come from natural sources like smoke and dust arising from forest fires or volcanic eruptions. Pollutants are also added to the atmosphere by certain human activities, like factories, power plants, automobile exhaust and burning of firewood and dung cakes .

How Does Air Get Polluted

If the vehicles registered in Delhi are lined up one after the other, the total length would be nearly equal to the combined lengths of the two longest rivers in the world, Nice and Amazon!the

Did You Know⁉️

You might have read in the newspapers that respiratory problems amongst children are rising day by day. Many respiratory problems are Caused by air pollution . Have you noticed how rapidly the number of vehicles is increasing in our cities?

Impact On Respiratory Organs 

Vehicles produce high levels of pollutants like carbon monoxide,carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and smoke. carbon monoxide is produced from incomplete burning of fuels such as petrol and diesel it is a poisonous gas it reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.

vehicles as Pollutants

Other kinds of pollutants are chloroflurocarbons (CFCs] which are used in refrigerators, air conditioners,and aerosol sprays.CFCs damage the ozone layer of the atmosphere . Recall that the ogone layer protects us from harmful ultraviolet ultraviolet rays of the sun.

other for pollutants

We can survive for sometime without food but we cannot survive even for a few minutes without air.

This new edition of the premier air pollution textbook is completely updated and revised to include all components of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. Fundamentals of Air Pollution, Third Edition covers the spectrum of topics pertinent to the study of air pollution: elements, sources, effects, measurement, monitoring, meteorology, and regulatory and engineering control. In addition, the textbook features new chapters on atmospheric emissions from hazardous waste sites, air pathways from hazardous waste sites, and the long-term effects of air pollution on the earth. It also presents updated information on acidic development, long-distance transport, atmospheric chemistry, and mathematical modeling. With extensive references, suggested reading lists, questions, and new figures and tables, this text will serve as an invaluable resource for students and practitioners alike. * This new edition features coverage of: Regulatory requirements of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 New developments in the modelling of air quality Air pollution control Air pollution engineering/atmospheric chemistry

This new edition of the premier air pollution textbook is completely updated and revised to include all components of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. Fundamentals of Air Pollution, Third Edition covers the spectrum of topics pertinent to the study of air pollution: elements, sources, effects, measurement, monitoring, meteorology, and regulatory and engineering control. In addition, the textbook features new chapters on atmospheric emissions from hazardous waste sites, air pathways from hazardous waste sites, and the long-term effects of air pollution on the earth. It also presents updated information on acidic development, long-distance transport, atmospheric chemistry, and mathematical modeling. With extensive references, suggested reading lists, questions, and new figures and tables, this text will serve as an invaluable resource for students and practitioners alike. * This new edition features coverage of: Regulatory requirements of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 New developments in the modelling of air quality Air pollution control Air pollution engineering/atmospheric chemistry

Richard W. Boubel

Daniel Vallero

Donald L. Fox

Bruce Turner

Arthur C. Stern

Fundamentals of Air Pollution

This is what's known as a full moon, but it's visible only at night. Usually, the moon travels at an angle that still allows sunlight to reach the earth. Not only does the moon appear to change shape by way of an optical illusion,it also appears to move across the sky.

How The Moon Can Appear Full Even Though It Is Behind The Earth?

It's quite confusing that even after the moon comes behind the earth its still full moon!!

A Popular Inquiry Into the Moon's Rotation on Her Axis

The planets are much closer to us as compared to the stars 🌟Since the planets ate closer to us, they appear much bigger and the light to come from more than one point.The light coming from several points cancles the twinkling effect.

Why Planets Do Not Twinkle ✨

In the night sky the stars seems to twinkle bit not the planets, read below to know why?

Fire Ball Crew

Why Do Stars Twinkle?

The sun is essentially a sphere of hot gases.The temperature of the bright disc (visible), which is the source of energy for us, is about 6,000 K. The disc is called photosphere. The radius of the sun is almost 100 times the radius of the earth and its ,mass is about a million times the mass of the earth

The 🌞sun 

The solar system is dominated by sun,which accounts for almost 99.9% of the matter of the whole solar system 

The natural world comes alive for young readers with Rookie Read-About "RM" Science! With striking, full-color photos and just the right amount of text, this series immediately involves young readers as they discover intriguing facts about the fascinating world around them.

Allan Fowler

Perfection Learning Corporation

Sp-Energy from the Sun

The moons surface is dusty snd barren. Crates up to hundreds of kilometres wide, it also has large number of mountain ranges,valleys and lava plains. As there is no atmosphere to trap heat, the temperature on the Moon is extreme, ranging from 100°C at noon to -173°C at night

The Moon's Surface 

In 1969, the American astronaut, Neil Armstrong landed on the moon for the first time; he was followed by Edwin Aldrin.

Neil Armstrong 

An intimate portrait of the Earth's closest neighbor--the Moon--that explores the history and future of humankind's relationship with it Every generation has looked towards the heavens and wondered at the beauty of the Moon. Fifty years ago, a few Americans became the first to do the reverse--and shared with Earth-bound audiences the view of their own planet hanging in the sky instead. Recently, the connection has been discovered to be even closer: a fragment of the Earth's surface was found embedded in a rock brought back from the Moon. And astronauts are preparing to return to the surface of the Moon after a half-century hiatus--this time to the dark side. Oliver Morton explores how the ways we have looked at the Moon have shaped our perceptions of the Earth: from the controversies of early astronomers such as van Eyck and Galileo, to the Cold War space race, to the potential use of the Moon as a stepping stone for further space exploration. Advanced technologies, new ambitions, and old dreams mean that men, women, and robots now seem certain to return to the Moon. For some, it is a future on which humankind has turned its back for too long. For others, an adventure yet to begin.

An intimate portrait of the Earth's closest neighbor--the Moon--that explores the history and future of humankind's relationship with it Every generation has looked towards the heavens and wondered at the beauty of the Moon. Fifty years ago, a few Americans became the first to do the reverse--and shared with Earth-bound audiences the view of their own planet hanging in the sky instead. Recently, the connection has been discovered to be even closer: a fragment of the Earth's surface was found embedded in a rock brought back from the Moon. And astronauts are preparing to return to the surface of the Moon after a half-century hiatus--this time to the dark side. Oliver Morton explores how the ways we have looked at the Moon have shaped our perceptions of the Earth: from the controversies of early astronomers such as van Eyck and Galileo, to the Cold War space race, to the potential use of the Moon as a stepping stone for further space exploration. Advanced technologies, new ambitions, and old dreams mean that men, women, and robots now seem certain to return to the Moon. For some, it is a future on which humankind has turned its back for too long. For others, an adventure yet to begin.

Oliver Morton

The Economist

The Moon

Inorder to understand our sleep cycle,we first need to take into consideration the rising and setting of the sun! When the sun goes down and natural light disappears, our bodies begin to produce melatonin,a harmone that helps us fall asleep.In contrast ,when the sun rises and natural light increases ,our bodies produce more cortisol, which helps boost and balance our energy levels .

What Causes 💤sleep ⁉️

Sleep is something that you do on your daily basis, know how and why it happens!!

"Sleep is one of the most important but least understood aspects of our life, wellness, and longevity ... An explosion of scientific discoveries in the last twenty years has shed new light on this fundamental aspect of our lives. Now ... neuroscientist and sleep expert Matthew Walker gives us a new understanding of the vital importance of sleep and dreaming"--Amazon.com.

“Why We Sleep is an important and fascinating book…Walker taught me a lot about this basic activity that every person on Earth needs. I suspect his book will do the same for you.” —Bill Gates A New York Times bestseller and international sensation, this “stimulating and important book” (Financial Times) is a fascinating dive into the purpose and power of slumber. Sleep is one of the most important but least understood aspects of our life, wellness, and longevity. Until very recently, science had no answer to the question of why we sleep, or what good it served, or why we suffer such devastating health consequences when we don't sleep. Compared to the other basic drives in life—eating, drinking, and reproducing—the purpose of sleep remained elusive. An explosion of scientific discoveries in the last twenty years has shed new light on this fundamental aspect of our lives. Now, preeminent neuroscientist and sleep expert Matthew Walker gives us a new understanding of the vital importance of sleep and dreaming. Within the brain, sleep enriches our ability to learn, memorize, and make logical decisions. It recalibrates our emotions, restocks our immune system, fine-tunes our metabolism, and regulates our appetite. Dreaming mollifies painful memories and creates a virtual reality space in which the brain melds past and present knowledge to inspire creativity. Walker answers important questions about sleep: how do caffeine and alcohol affect sleep? What really happens during REM sleep? Why do our sleep patterns change across a lifetime? How do common sleep aids affect us and can they do long-term damage? Charting cutting-edge scientific breakthroughs, and synthesizing decades of research and clinical practice, Walker explains how we can harness sleep to improve learning, mood, and energy levels; regulate hormones; prevent cancer, Alzheimer’s, and diabetes; slow the effects of aging; increase longevity; enhance the education and lifespan of our children, and boost the efficiency, success, and productivity of our businesses. Clear-eyed, fascinating, and accessible, Why We Sleep is a crucial and illuminating book.

Matthew Walker is a British scientist and professor of neuroscience and psychology at the University of California, Berkeley. His research focuses on the impact of sleep on human health and disease. Previously, he was a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.

Matthew Walker

Why We Sleep

In REM sleep, its belived that we experience our most vivid dreams. Studies have found that dreaming is controlled by forebrain mechanism, which influence our speech, abstract thought, and pleasure, and the REM stage of sleep is controlled by brainstem, which helps regulate our heartbeat,breathingetc,in chain of reaction the brainstem can stimulate the forebrain and cause dreams to occur.

The Science Behind Dreaming 

#This is just a science fact🤞knowing about interesting topics is really fun learning, and besides all science is really interesting and fun!!

Neutron Stars: Theory and Observation

Fundamentals of Air Pollution

A Popular Inquiry Into the Moon's Rotation on Her Axis

Why Do Stars Twinkle?

Sp-Energy from the Sun

Arjoo Yadav