Alright, so here’s the deal: today, we’re still diving into Web3 security marketplaces, but focusing on Cantina. Now, if you’re wondering, "What the heck is Cantina?" — think Code4rena or Omniscia, but with its own twist. And no, it’s not an NFT marketplace. It’s a Web3 security marketplace, okay? Basically, it’s a platform where organizations can book custom security services, and security researchers can do reviews. Shoutout to Spearbit for incubating it. To understand Cantina, we’re breaking it down:

Cantina Services: What they offer (security reviews, competitions, bounties, guides, etc.). Cantina Code: A platform for code reviewers and clients to communicate, schedule, and sort out logistics. Cantina Accounts & Reputation: This is for clients and researchers to manage projects, make payments, and build careers. Cantina Referral Programs & Competitions: Opportunities for both companies and researchers. Cantina basically makes it easier for security researchers and companies to connect, optimize code reviews, and communicate effectively.

Imagine it like hiring a security team for your house—you want them to protect every room, but you’re too paranoid to give full access. That’s where Cantina steps in, ensuring trust and better collaboration. So, yeah, Cantina is here to make Web3 security seamless. Let’s get into what they’ve got to offer. yunno, here’s the gist: Cantina Code is for both researchers and companies. Simple, right? For security researchers, Cantina Code is like their HQ.

It’s the interface where they can submit findings, chat with teammates, and talk to clients. Think of it as their secret lab, but with tabs and settings to make everything smooth. Now, let’s talk features (yeah, we’re going there): Type Tab: Is it a public competition? A collaborative review? This tab’s got you covered. Status Tab: This tells you what’s going on—live, judged, completed, escalated, whatever. Time Frame: Wanna know how long the engagement lasts? Boom, right here.

User Role: Are you a lead? A team member? This defines who’s doing what in the repo. There’s more, but let’s keep it light because tabs and details can be... a lot. If you’re craving all the techy bits, just head over to <a href="https://docs.cantina.xyz/cantina-docs">Cantina Docs</a> It’s got everything laid out for you, including those nitty-gritty details about tabs and settings. So, yeah, Cantina Code is basically here to make life easier for researchers and companies, ensuring everyone’s on the same page. Alright, let’s break down Cantina Competitions (not "container competitions"—gotta get the names right).

So, these are basically time-based code review battles. Researchers compete to find the most valid vulnerabilities—like a digital treasure hunt but with bugs instead of gold. The companies, on the other hand, present the Researchers with top valid findings with tangible benefits like payouts, and bragging rights while receiving better security. Now, these competitions run on Cantina Code (we already talked about this earlier)It’s that fancy tech that makes communication between clients and researchers seamless, filtering out spam, and optimizing everything using ML (machine learning)...

...and manual reviews.Plus, it helps researchers submit vulnerabilities easily. What’s the point of Cantina competitions? It’s all about making blockchain security stronger. Researchers also get a reputation boost, career opportunities, and more secure codebases to brag about. Basically, everyone wins. Oh, and there’s this tweet from <a href="https://x.com/_hrkrshnn">Hari</a> who mentioned that SpearBit (the incubators of Cantina) recruit the top 10 competitors from Cantina’s leaderboard twice a year.

So yeah, winning these competitions can literally open career doors. How to join Cantina competitions: 1. Create a researcher account. 2. Join their Discord server. 3. Check out these four tabs: Finding Submission (how to submit findings). Finding Format (make it readable, people!). Judging & Severity Criteria (how findings are scored). Payments (aka the fun part). All the juicy details are in Cantina Docs, so check that out for the full scoop.

Payments Process: Planned: Your payment is in line to be scheduled. Scheduled: It’s queued for processing in the next batch. Submitted: It’s waiting for signatures (multi-sig wallets, yay). Executed: Payment is done. Money’s on-chain. Congrats! Disputed: Uh-oh. Something went wrong; it’s under review. Cancelled: It’s gone. Bye-bye payment.

The usual flow is: Planned → Scheduled → Submitted → Executed. Sometimes it’s: Planned → Scheduled → Disputed (and then back to the start). And if the gods aren’t smiling: Planned → Scheduled → Cancelled or so (haven't experienced that 😂) So yeah, that’s how Cantina Competitions work. It’s like a chaotic yet rewarding rollercoaster for researchers. Alright, let’s wrap up Cantina with its features and services. Ready? So, account claiming is a thing in Cantina.

Here’s the deal: someone could open an account for you using your email (don’t ask why). You can swoop in, claim that account using said email, and change the password. Have I tried it? Nope. This is all “research mode” with zero hands-on experience. But hey, now you know. Services Cantina Offers: 1. Security ReviewsThis is for companies (or anyone building on Web3) who want their projects checked for vulnerabilities.

The company reaches out to Cantina for a security review. Cantina picks a team of top-tier researchers under their brand to carry out the review. Why? Because Cantina’s reputation is on the line, and they aren’t about to hand over a subpar team. So, if you’re a Web3 builder and need a solid security review, Cantina’s got you. 2. Cantina CompetitionsThis is like a turbocharged version of a review. It’s for mass-scale code reviews. Think of it as a Web3 talent hunt for the best researchers.

A company puts up a prize, and researchers compete to find vulnerabilities. It’s all powered by Cantina Code, ensuring high coverage and top-notch results. Bonus: This helps Cantina discover hidden talents in the space. 3. Bug BountiesOkay, so bug bounties sound a lot like competitions, right? Same vibe but slightly different. While competitions feel like an open battlefield, bug bounties are more focused. It’s about tapping into Cantina’s vast network of researchers for specific goals.

Cantina claims their bug bounties have “higher signal” programs across Web3. Whatever that means, it sounds fancy. 4. Public Good Reviews This one’s unique. Here’s the gist: It’s for open-source projects that benefit everyone globally. No one pays Cantina for this. Instead, it relies on crowdfunding. Think of it as the community chipping in to support researchers who secure these projects.

It’s all about giving back to the ecosystem, no strings attached (except maybe a pat on the back or a “thank you”). Need my wallet address?😂 0x943947Ee36c661A250431E77E12217B5177c896c E(RC 20) Danke! Cantina’s Playground Vibe: Basically, Cantina is like a massive Web3 security hub. Companies roll in, request reviews, and Cantina gathers different “brands” of security researchers to get the job done. Every researcher/team brings their unique quality standards, ensuring thorough code reviews.

With their competitions, bug bounties, and all-star researcher lineups, Cantina is aiming to be the go-to for securing Web3 projects. It’s definitely setting itself apart from other marketplaces. Umm, that’s Cantina in a nutshell. It’s not just a Web3 security platform—it’s the stage, the talent scout, and the referee.Thank you for sticking around 🫡 🫰.

Lowkey hyped to be called up by Cantina Company or any of their stakeholders.

Can’t wait for that call!

crypto

Cryptocurrency

technologyandthefuture

Technology & The Future

business

Business

cybersecurity

Cybersecurity

product

Product & Design

Cantina (BC 12)

Alright, looks like this time we’re diving straight into the security side of Web3. So let’s see what Code4rena is bringing to the table. Code4rena is a platform that pulls together top auditors to compete and keep those nasty, high-severity bugs out of production in the Web3 space. Yep, it's like a bug-fighting competition, where auditors are going head-to-head to secure Web3. And get this, audits can start within just 48 hours! Now, some stats to chew on: Code4rena has audited 418 projects, found 1,365 unique high-severity vulnerabilities, and logged a whopping 25,152 unique findings.

Plus, they’ve got over 10,400 registered wardens – that’s the name for the auditors who sign up to take part in the competition. What’s cool about Code4rena is that once your contract gets audited by these top-tier auditors, you can deploy it to mainnet with peace of mind. No more sleepless nights wondering if some sneaky bug is lurking around. Leading crypto projects trust them, too – names like Arbitrum, EigenLayer, Polkadot, Coinbase, Optimism, Chainlink, ZK-SYNC, The Graph, Ondo, and AAVE have all chosen Code4rena for their audits. That’s some serious street cred right there.

They’re not just talking the talk – they’re walking the walk.Code4rena prides itself on being the most competitive Web3 security platform and the ultimate proving ground for security researchers. They’re also the only platform that actually incentivizes consultative audits. Now, you might be wondering, what’s a consultative audit? Now you might be wondering, what’s consultative auditing all about? Well, here’s the deal: unlike some other Web3 smart contract security markets, Code4rena’s auditors don’t just hand over a list of findings and call it a day. Nope, they go the extra mile.

They give you actual auditing reports AND guide you through the process. They don’t just point out the bugs, they’ll also throw in some best practices and suggestions. They’re there to help you fix the issues, kill the vulnerabilities, and make sure everything runs smoothly going forward. It's all about preventing threats, not just catching them.And just to show you how top-notch their team is, here are some of the industry’s best security researchers featured on Code4rena’s website: <a href="https://x.com/samczsun">samczsun</a><a href="https://x.com/zachobront">obront</a><a href="https://x.com/IAm0x52">0x52</a><a href="https://x.com/xuwinniexu">xuwinnie</a><a href="https://x.com/hellocccz">cccz</a><a href="https://x.com/milotruck">MiloTruck</a>rvierdiiev<a href="https://x.com/xiaoming9090">xiaoming90</a>0xsomeone<a href="https://x.com/HollaWaldfee100">HollaDieWaldfee</a><a href="https://x.com/gpersoon">gpersoon</a><a href="https://x.com/gzeon">gzeon</a>Riley Holterhus

<a href="https://x.com/GalloDaSballo">GalloDaSBallo</a><a href="https://x.com/HickupH">HickUpH</a>Lambda<a href="https://x.com/0xMinhT">Minhtrng</a><a href="https://x.com/akshaysrivastv">AkshaySrivastav</a><a href="https://x.com/__alexxander_">Alexxander</a><a href="https://x.com/berndartmueller">Berndartmueller</a><a href="https://x.com/bin2chen">Bin2chen</a><a href="https://x.com/CarrotSmuggler">Carrotsmuggler</a><a href="https://x.com/csanuragjain">Csanuragjain</a><a href="https://x.com/0ximmeas">Immeas</a><a href="https://x.com/xb0g0">Koolex</a><a href="https://x.com/peak_bolt">Peakbolt</a><a href="https://x.com/saidamdev">Said</a>0xriptide<a href="https://x.com/1_00_proof">100proof</a> These are the handpicked experts who work with Code4rena's Zenith team. So, if you're looking to level up your Web3 contract security, Code4rena might just be the place to be! Definitively, Code4rena is a smart contract security marketplace built by a 25-person team to help secure Web3 projects through some good ol' healthy competition among auditors. So if you’re looking to join the action, hang tight – we’ll get there so﻿﻿on enough.

Sounds like a dream team, right?

To really get what Code4rena's all about, we need to know about the three main players in their world: the wardens, the sponsors, and the judges. Wardens are the auditors, the ones who keep the Web3 space safe by hunting down bugs in smart contracts. Sponsors, on the other hand, are the ones who create prize pools to attract these auditors to audit their projects. And then you’ve got the judges, who decide how severe, valid, and quality each bug finding is, and rate the auditors' performance. These are the key folks who make sure the whole system runs smoothly.

Now, if you’re thinking about joining Code4rena as an auditor, you’ll be <a href="https://code4rena.com/register/account">signing up as a warden</a>Wardens are there to protect the ecosystem by auditing code, and they’ve got to stay on top of things like new audits and updates. The best way to keep up is to follow Code4rena's <a href="Https://www.x.com/Code4rena">Twitter account</a> (C4) and join their <a href="https://discord.gg/code4rena">Discord community</a>, where you’ll get all the latest info on upcoming audits. Once you’ve registered<a href="https://code4rena.com/register/account"> (register here) </a>and verified your email, you’re ready to roll – just make sure to familiarize yourself with the Code4rena's <a href="https://code4rena.com/">website</a> to get a handle on everything you’ll need to know.

There, you’ll find a list of open and upcoming audits, their prize pools, start and end dates, and other important info. Active audits will usually include a link to the code repository and submission forms for findings, so make sure you’re clear on the submission policies and judging criteria if you want to play in the game. What about team registration, you ask? Well, to register a team, you’ll need to log into your warden account on Code4rena and then register. Or click <a href="https://code4rena.com/register/team/">here 🖇️</a>

Once your team’s set up, you can add or remove members and update your payment address while logged into the site. When you submit a team registration, it’ll create a pull request for the C4 team to review and approve, so be prepared to wait about 24 or 48 business hours for processing. Now, here’s the kicker: when your team submits findings, you’re getting rewarded as a team, not individually. All rewards go to a single wallet, and Code4rena recommends using a multi-signature wallet or a tool like <a href="https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/api/finance#PaymentSplitter">Payment Splitter</a> to divvy up the rewards among the team members.

Since they don’t track which team member submitted which finding, it’s up to you and your team to keep track and handle the distribution. As for the audit timeline, most audits typically run for 3 to 7 days and usually start and end at 20:00 UTC. If you’re in West Africa, just convert that to WAT (West Africa Time) ie 21:00 WAT, 9:00 pm WAT (if you may) or whatever timezone works for you. …<a href="https://docs.code4rena.com/other-details/our-process">auditing timeline </a>typically goes down this way. Submissions usually close on day “n”, then the validators will start triaging findings from day 3 to day 4. 3 to 4 after “n”....(you get the idea)

Sponsors take a look and give feedback on those findings by day 7. Ideally, by days 9 to 10, we’ll see the judges get involved to decide the severity of the issues. For judging criteria, check <a href="https://docs.code4rena.com/awarding/judging-criteria">this 🖇️</a> Actually, wait, I think they go with quality first, and then they’ll determine severity. By day 15 (or around day 21-22), judges wrap up their Q&A, and the awards will be announced. Now, that’s the ideal situation. In reality, the awards usually get distributed anywhere from day 25 to 29 after submission.

Sponsors will also be working to mitigate any issues, and ideally, audit reports will be published by day 21. But, it may take until day 40 to day 60, depending on how long the process actually takes. Don’t worry, though—C4 is actively improving their process, so this timeline should shorten over time. For wardens, there are a few important things to keep in mind. First off, make sure to turn in your reports before the audit ends. Super crucial. When it comes to risk levels, medium and high-risk findings should be submitted separately for each audit.

Low-risk and governance or centralization risks, though, should go into a single Q&A report. And for gas optimizations—yes, we talked about this when we were diving into Omniscia yesterday—those should be grouped together in one single report. Also, if you’re handling funds, make sure to register your polygon address so you can actually get your rewards. Now, big no-no: don’t disclose any bugs or vulnerabilities to the public before the audit report has been published. If you do, you could get disqualified from all future Code4rena events.

Big emphasis on all events, so keep that in mind! When submitting findings, make sure to describe the location of the vulnerability and the potential impact if it were exploited. You’ll also need to provide a clear proof of concept, which could be a script or even just some helpful screenshots. And yes, all reports should be in English—it's the global lingua franca or something like that, you get the idea. After you submit a finding, you should receive an email confirmation. If you don’t see it, check your spam folder.

They send those confirmations to all wardens submitting findings. <a href="https://docs.code4rena.com/roles/wardens/submission-policy">For more info check this out 🖇️</a> And if you want to make your auditing life a bit easier, there are some tools and resources you can use. You can try out things like Hardhat, Scaffold, Solidity Visual Auditor, and Remix for your auditing. There are also some great resources like the <a href="https://www.secureum.xyz/">Ethereum Security Bootcamp</a>,<a href="https://solidity-by-example.org/">Solidity by Example</a>and even "<a href="https://cmichel.io/how-to-become-a-smart-contract-auditor/">How to Become a Smart Contract Auditor</a>" by Cmichel

<a href="https://cryptozombies.io/">Crypto Zombies</a> is a fun Solidity tutorial that could help you sharpen your skills, too. So there you have it – everything you need to know to get started with Code4rena. Now go ahead and jump into the world of smart contract security!Thanks for sticking around 🫡🫰Much love 🪅🎄Want to reach out to me?Email : ngalabajim@gmail.com <a href="Https://www.x.com/HackerAKTech">X formerly Twitter</a><a href="https://t.me/khryptOfWeb3">Telegram</a>

I skipped over SiBAN to focus on writing about Code4rena. It’s been a challenging yet rewarding journey, requiring extensive corrections, tagging, and link embedding. Exhausting but worthwhile!

strategy

Strategy

computerscience

Computer Science

Code4rena (BC 11)

Have you ever wondered what Omniscia is? The name itself is captivating. "Omni" suggests inclusivity and breadth, and whoever came up with it truly crafted something special. It’s a name that encapsulates the bold spirit of a team committed to securing the Web3 space. Omniscia stands out for its efforts to guarantee the security of Web3 products, positioning itself as a trailblazer in the field. But what exactly is Omniscia? Omniscia is not a Blockchain!!! Not an L1, L2 or L3.At its core, Omniscia is synonymous with Web3 security.

When you think of Omniscia, think of a DECENTRALIZED TEAM dedicated to protecting decentralized systems. It’s not just a single person driving this initiative but a decentralized team of highly skilled smart contract auditors and developers. Together, they specialize in building and securing complex decentralized networks and applications. According to their website <a href="https://www.omniscia.io">omniscia</a>, Omniscia is a group of experts with deep expertise in auditing and developing blockchain solutions.

Omniscia operates on a decentralized model, meaning power and responsibilities aren’t concentrated in one individual. Instead, they have a distributed team of professionals. If you're experienced in Web3 security, smart contracts, and blockchain development, you can join this dynamic team. However, expertise is a prerequisite because Omniscia’s mission is to safeguard Web3 projects at the highest standards. Since 2017, Omniscia's engineers have been at the forefront of building and auditing distributed systems.

What Makes Omniscia Unique?

Over the years, they’ve worked on more than 400 blockchain projects, addressing over 1,600 high-severity issues in smart contracts and distributed systems. Their efforts have safeguarded over $65 billion worth of assets, proving their critical role in enhancing the security of Web3 ecosystems. What Services Does Omniscia Offer? Omniscia is renowned for offering first-class security services.Here’s what they specialize in: 1. Comprehensive Security Audits Omniscia conducts thorough, line-by-line audits of smart contracts to ensure they conform to the latest standards.

This ensures that code is both secure and easy to understand by developers worldwide. Their audits focus on making smart contracts immune to known and unknown attack vectors, providing robust protection for Web3 projects. System Abstraction and Cross-Contract Analysis This is about studying how all parts of your contract work together to ensure the system operates as intended. Imagine a house: they check if the windows open for ventilation, the doors function properly, the roof is sturdy, and the furniture is stable.

In other words, they ensure all components of your project are aligned and functional. You could also compare it to inspecting the gears of a clock to ensure everything turns smoothly. EIP and DeFi Integration Validation EIP stands for Ethereum Improvement Proposal, similar to Bitcoin’s BIP (Bitcoin Improvement Proposal). This step ensures your project adheres to important blockchain standards…especially Ethereum. These standards make sure code is universal and interoperable—like making sure someone in Africa can read and understand a code written in America.

It also ensures compatibility with decentralized financial systems, like exchanges or lending protocols. Complex Attack Detection This covers detecting and preventing sophisticated attacks, such as flash loan exploits and oracle manipulations. Flash loans are essentially quick loans taken to manipulate a system, while oracle manipulations involve tampering with trusted data sources like price feeds. Omniscia ensures these vulnerabilities are identified and fixed, keeping your project secure 2. Code Optimization Their audit reports include recommendations for gas optimizations.

This involves refining smart contracts to lower gas fees without compromising functionality, creating a balance that benefits both users and project owners. They achieve this through techniques like: EVM-aware optimizations Storage and memory fine-tuning Mathematical simplifications Tight packing suggestions. Here, they focus on improving gas efficiency, reducing costs when interacting with the blockchain. EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) optimization involves tweaking the code to work seamlessly with Ethereum’s engine.

Memory fine-tuning is another part of this process—imagine reorganizing your bedroom to save space and make things easier to find. Similarly, they optimize how data is stored in your project to save resources. Functional and ACL Abstractions ACL stands for Access Control List, which determines who or what can access specific parts of your project. This ensures confidentiality and integrity by limiting access to only authorized users or systems. Think of it as locking certain rooms in a house so only specific people can enter. This approach is key to maintaining security.

Coding often involves complex mathematical functions, which can be hard to grasp. Omniscia simplifies these functions to make calculations quicker and more efficient, saving time and resources. Tight Packing Suggestions Picture packing a suitcase smartly so everything fits. Similarly, tight packing involves refining how data is stored in your project, ensuring it uses minimal space without compromising functionality 3. Collaborative Development Omniscia also offers curated development services for features such as decentralized exchanges (DEXs), complex ERC-20 tokens, and bonding curves.

Mathematical Simplifications

Their development approach prioritizes security and includes extensive test coverage to meet the latest security principles. Tools and Techniques Omniscia employs a range of advanced tools like Slither and Surya to provide services such as: Static analysis and manual review System abstraction and cross-contract analysis Validation of EIPs and DeFi integrations Detection of complex attack vectors like flash loan exploits and oracle manipulations***DeFi Integration: Connecting your project to DeFi systems like exchanges or lending platforms.

...for setting token prices dynamically based on supply and demand. It’s like using economics principles to determine equilibrium price and quantity. Voting Systems: Implementing mechanisms for decentralized decision-making, akin to a democratic process. EIP Compatibility: Ensuring your project complies with Ethereum’s guidelines and standards. Expansive Test Cases and Documentation: Thorough testing of every component, along with clear, detailed documentation. This is critical because proper documentation ensures future clarity and reference, which is something sorely lacking in the Web3 space.

Bonding Curves: A method

Unlike a centralized entity where one person controls everything, their structure resembles a DAO (though not explicitly one). My research, based on their website www.omniscia.io, reveals their focus on security and smart contract audits. <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/omniscia?utm_source=share&utm_campaign=share_via&utm_content=profile&utm_medium=android_app">The founder, Yvan N</a>, has over 10 years of experience in building and scaling cybersecurity teams and businesses. <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/alexppg?utm_source=share&utm_campaign=share_via&utm_content=profile&utm_medium=android_app">Alex Papageorgiou, their CTO and CSO</a>, brings seven-plus years of expertise in building and securing complex decentralized systems. ESSE, the CFO, has over eight years of experience in investing, trading, and yield farming in the digital asset space.

Other key team members include: Tasos, Natacha, Veng, and Benjamin: Senior Solidity Auditors Max: Penetration Testing and DevOps Anna: Marketing Lead Lila: Economics Researcher Lao: Business Development Lead Josephine: Content Marketing Lead When it comes to Omniscia’s audit services, you should know it’s a for-profit organization. The cost and duration of an audit depend on factors like code complexity, size, and quality. To get an estimate, you need to submit your code via their contact form available at <a href="https://www.omniscia.io">Omniscia</a> They usually respond within 24 hours.

Their auditing process includes the following steps: 1. Submit the Repository: The client shares their codebase. 2. Scoping: Omniscia determines the price and timeline. 3. Payment Execution: The client completes the payment (details of SoW provided). 4. Preliminary Audit: Omniscia runs an initial audit and delivers a confidential report. 5. Client Remediation: The client addresses issues highlighted in the report. 6. Final Report: After submitting the revised commit hash, Omniscia provides a detailed final report.

The final report includes logical errors, vulnerabilities, and optimization recommendations, helping clients improve their code’s security and efficiency (e.g., reducing gas costs). Omniscia has audited projects like Xend Finance, Fetch.ai, MoreMarkets, Matic Network, Iron Finance, Ava Labs, Gnosis Guide, and Arcade.xyz, among others. These brands highlight the credibility and expertise Omniscia brings to Web3 security. Omniscia is a leader in Web3 security, setting new standards with a decentralized approach and deep expertise.

Their services enhance security, refine code, and provide clear documentation, effectively addressing the unique challenges of Web3 development and elevating blockchain projects. Thanks for sticking around 🤭You make me feel special 🤩.

This is the first time I'm seeing a blockchain Brand like Omniscia. I saw it today, and I thought, "Okay, I'm going to learn about this today and write about it today." And I was able to do just that—I learned about it and wrote about it on the same day. I feel so happy!

softwareengineering

Software Engineering

Omniscia (BC 10)

We remember better when we are motivated and fully engaged.

Holmes reminds us that the Science of Deduction and Analysis, like any art, can only be mastered through long and patient study. However, no life is long enough to achieve absolute perfection in it.Mindfulness, as the constant presence of mind and attentiveness essential for genuine observation, pairs with motivation—a state of active engagement and desire—to foster true awareness.We aren’t always motivated or mindful, and often, it doesn’t matter. We perform tasks mindlessly to conserve energy for more significant challenges than, say, finding our keys.

To think like Sherlock Holmes, we must actively cultivate the desire and effort to adopt his mindset.Children with a “rage to master,” as coined by Ellen Winner, possess an intrinsic drive to excel in a specific domain, making them more likely to achieve success across various fields, from art to science.When learning something new, we perform better as motivated learners. Even our memory reflects this, as we recall information more effectively when we were motivated during its formation—a phenomenon known as motivated encoding.

Psychologist K. Anders Ericsson explains that experts perceive the world differently within their domain.They recognize patterns invisible to novices, see details as part of a cohesive whole, and instantly distinguish what is essential from what is incidental.....As Holmes explains to Watson, "A fool collects all sorts of useless information, causing valuable knowledge to be crowded out or jumbled, making it hard to access when needed. A skilled workman, however, is very selective about what he chooses to store in his brain-attic."

"I consider a man's brain to be like a small, empty attic, and it is up to you to fill it with whatever furniture you choose."

...structure and contents. The structure refers to how our mind processes information—how it absorbs, sorts, stores, and integrates new knowledge with what’s already there.Unlike a physical attic, the brain's structure is flexible, capable of expanding or contracting based on how we use it.Our memory and processing can become more or less effective over time. The brain's retrieval mode can change—how we access stored information. The storage system can also shift—determining where new information goes, how it’s categorized, and how it’s integrated with existing knowledge.

The attic can be understood in two main components:

While each brain has its unique limitations, within those constraints, it can adapt and take on various configurations depending on how we approach learning.As our thought process unfolds, the contents of memory blend with our internal habits and external circumstances, influencing which information is retrieved.For Sherlock, deducing the contents of a person’s mental attic from their outward appearance is one of the most reliable methods of understanding who they are and what they are capable of.

While we may never fully master the skill of reading a person’s innermost thoughts from their exterior, understanding the layout and functionality of our own mental attic is the first step toward optimizing its potential.By learning to navigate our brain’s structure and contents, we can make more informed decisions and act with greater awareness.Our attic’s structure and contents aren’t fixed—they reflect the habits and patterns we've developed over time through repeated practice.

Although the exact process may be unknown, through practice, we've shaped our thinking. At some point, we’ve opted for efficiency over depth, deciding that mindful attention isn't always worth the effort.While it might take just as long, we can train ourselves to think differently, prioritizing more thoughtful, deliberate processes when needed.The fundamental structure may remain intact, but we can reshape its connections and components. This change effectively rewires our neural pathways as we alter our thinking habits.

Like any renovation, significant transformations take time, but smaller shifts can begin to show up within days, even hours. Regardless of how old our brain's "attic" is or how long it’s been neglected, it has the capacity to learn new skills quickly and can continue to adapt throughout our lives—not just in our younger years.As for the contents, while some may remain permanent, we can be selective about what we keep.We can reorganize the attic so that the most valuable memories and knowledge are easily accessible, while those we want to discard or avoid are pushed to the back.

We might not completely transform our attic, but we can certainly make it more efficient and better suited to our needs.When Holmes refers to stocking your attic with the appropriate furniture, he’s emphasizing the importance of selectively curating the experiences, memories, and aspects of life that are worth retaining.Instead of passively accumulating knowledge, we must actively choose what to keep and prioritize what will serve us in the future.

This process requires thoughtful consideration, ensuring that only the most relevant and valuable information occupies space in our mental "attic," while less important details are either discarded or stored away out of the way.When we encounter something, the brain first encodes it and stores it in the hippocampus—think of this as the attic's initial entry point, where everything is placed before it’s decided whether it will be needed later.The things we deem important or that our mind automatically prioritizes based on past experiences and judgments are then transferred to long-term...

... storage in the cortex, the main section of the attic. This process is called consolidation.When we need to recall a memory, our mind retrieves it from the appropriate file.Occasionally, it pulls out a related file, activating nearby memories through associative activation. Sometimes, the retrieved memory may have changed, with details altered or forgotten without us realizing it. Once we examine it, we may add new information before replacing it, a process known as retrieval and reconsolidation.

At any given moment, you might believe you know something, but what you truly know is what you can recall. Our thinking is shaped by the structure of our attic—the habitual patterns of thought and operation we've developed over time.This structure influences how we perceive and evaluate the world, including the biases and heuristics that guide our intuitive, immediate understanding of reality.

Our minds have a natural tendency to leap to conclusions.

Our brains are inherently designed for quick judgments, relying on shortcuts and mental back roads to process the overwhelming influx of information we encounter every second.This mechanism is a necessity—without it, we’d be paralyzed by the sheer volume of details requiring evaluation.If we attempted to analyze every single element thoroughly, we’d find ourselves stuck, unable to move beyond the initial stage of judgment.In such a scenario, decision-making would become nearly impossible, and the complexity of our world would quickly overwhelm us.

As William James aptly observed, “If we remembered everything, we should on most occasions be as ill off as if we remembered nothing.”"What our brains instinctively process and how we choose to act are not necessarily the same.""The affect heuristic: our emotions shape our thinking. How we feel often determines how we perceive and evaluate a situation."

"Experiencing emotion is inevitable, and impressions will naturally form in your mind. For instance, Holmes remarks of Miss Morstan, 'I think she is one of the most charming young ladies I ever met,'—a rare compliment from him.Yet, he quickly qualifies it by adding, 'But love is an emotional thing, and whatever is emotional is opposed to that true cold reason which I place above all things.'The key lies in acknowledging these emotions without letting them cloud your reasoning. You might notice that Jane reminds you of your high school frenemy, but you can choose to move past that impression.

The halo effect: when one trait, like physical appearance, stands out positively, it can lead us to perceive other traits as equally positive, while anything that contradicts this view is easily dismissed, often subconsciously.Additionally, the correspondence bias comes into play: any negative traits or actions are attributed to external factors—stress, bad luck, or circumstances—while positive qualities are credited solely to the individual.

We value consistency and dislike being wrong, which is why our initial impressions often hold disproportionate weight, regardless of any subsequent evidence that may contradict them. There is no truly 'objective' environment; there is only our perception of it.This perception is shaped both by our habitual ways of thinking (like Watson's disposition) and by the immediate circumstances (such as a sunny day).

We’ve covered only the first part of this book—chapters 1 and 2—and gained so much insight. I’m excited to explore the rest, including part 2 with chapters 3 and 4. If you’re interested in Mastermind, dive into the rest of the book!

The New York Times bestselling guide to thinking like literature's greatest detective. "Steven Pinker meets Sir Arthur Conan Doyle" (Boston Globe), by the author of The Confidence Game. No fictional character is more renowned for his powers of thought and observation than Sherlock Holmes. But is his extraordinary intellect merely a gift of fiction, or can we learn to cultivate these abilities ourselves, to improve our lives at work and at home?We can, says psychologist and journalist Maria Konnikova, and in Mastermind she shows us how. Beginning with the “brain attic”—Holmes’s metaphor for how we store information and organize knowledge—Konnikova unpacks the mental strategies that lead to clearer thinking and deeper insights. Drawing on twenty-first-century neuroscience and psychology, Mastermind explores Holmes’s unique methods of ever-present mindfulness, astute observation, and logical deduction. In doing so, it shows how each of us, with some self-awareness and a little practice, can employ these same methods to sharpen our perceptions, solve difficult problems, and enhance our creative powers. For Holmes aficionados and casual readers alike, Konnikova reveals how the world’s most keen-eyed detective can serve as an unparalleled guide to upgrading the mind.

mindfulness

Mindfulness

habits

Habits

mentalhealth

Mental Health

books

Books

Maria Konnikova

Mastermind

So, Solidity programs are often called smart contracts, and they run on something called the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). Think of the EVM as Ethereum’s brain—it’s where all the smart contracts are processed and executed. Now, what’s a smart contract? It’s like an automated to-do list. When certain conditions are met, the contract does its thing automatically—no reminders needed! For example, smart contracts can handle tasks like sending money, managing NFTs (non-fungible tokens), or running decentralized organizations (DAOs).

Intro.

And here’s the cool part: Solidity isn’t just for Ethereum. It also works on blockchains like Binance Smart Chain, Polygon, Avalanche, and Fantom! So, what exactly is Solidity? It’s a programming language for creating smart contracts. If you like definitions, here’s a technical one: “Solidity is an imperative programming language primarily used for creating smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain.”A little history lesson Solidity was designed by David Wood and developed by Christian Reitwiessner, Alex Beregszaszi, and other former Ethereum contributors.

Definite Definition

It was first introduced in August 2014, and its stable version has been evolving ever since. Solidity takes inspiration from other programming languages: JavaScript for its flexibility (used for building websites). C++ for its strict structure and speed (great for complex apps). Python for its readability and beginner-friendly vibe. But let’s be real—while Solidity aims to be easy to learn, it’s still a bit of a challenge for most beginners!If you already know a bit of JavaScript, C++, or Python, you’ll find Solidity feels a little familiar.

That’s why it’s a good idea to start with one of those languages before diving into Solidity. Oh, and one more thing…Solidity files are saved with a .sol extension. Just like Word documents are saved as .docx, Solidity’s got its own style! When you save a Solidity program, it’s saved with a .sol extension. For example:If you’re working on a smart contract to manage payments, you might save it as “PaymentContract.sol” If it’s an NFT-related program, you could name it “MyNFT.sol”

Now, let’s talk about Solidity’s license. Solidity is licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) v3.0. What does that mean? In simple terms: Solidity is open source, so anyone can view and modify its code. This ensures that developers can freely improve Solidity without needing anyone’s permission. It also means you can trust the code—no sneaky tricks or hidden backdoors.Here’s a fun fact: Under the GPL v3.0, any modifications to Solidity’s code must also stay open and available for public use. So, when you download Solidity (including any updates), you’re getting all improvements too!

Latest Version of Solidity Solidity, like any software, gets updated regularly to fix bugs, add new features, and make it better overall. The latest stable release is version 0.8.28, which came out on October 9, 2024. As a developer, it’s always a good idea to keep your tools up to date to avoid bugs and enjoy all the latest features. Where to Get Solidity Your ultimate Solidity resource is its official website: www.soliditylang.org Here’s what you’ll find there: Beginner-friendly tutorials to kick off your learning. The latest version of Solidity to download.

Detailed documentation for advanced users who want to dive deeper.Bookmark it—it’s the perfect place to start and grow your Solidity journey!Let’s talk about Solidity’s programming paradigm—specifically, the imperative paradigm. Don’t worry, we’ll break it down step by step! What’s a Paradigm? A paradigm is just a fancy word for the way a programming language organizes and executes its code. Think of it as the “style” or “approach” of the language.What’s the Imperative Paradigm? The imperative paradigm is like writing a recipe.

You give the computer a step-by-step guide: 1. Add 1 cup of water. 2. Toss in 2 pounds of meat. 3. Simmer for 30 minutes. Every single step is listed in detail, and the computer follows them one by one to achieve the final result. Because of this, the imperative paradigm is also called algorithmic programming—you’re essentially creating a detailed set of instructions (an algorithm) for the computer to execute. Key Characteristics Step-by-step instructions: The computer does exactly what you tell it, in the exact order you specify.

Machine-oriented: This style aligns closely with how computers “think,” focusing on every small action needed to get the job done. Imperative Programming and Solidity To write Solidity code effectively, you’ll need to understand how computers work internally. Solidity’s imperative nature is similar to languages like C, C++, Java, Pascal, Fortran, and Assembly. Other Paradigms There are different “styles” of programming paradigms, just like there are different ways to cook a meal: 1. Procedural Paradigm: Groups instructions into reusable blocks (like following a recipe for different dishes).

2. Object-Oriented Paradigm (OOP): Focuses on organizing data and actions into objects. For example, the Move language, used for coding Sui and Aptos, is object-oriented. 3. Functional Paradigm: Solves problems by applying functions and avoiding changing data directly. 4. Declarative Paradigm: Instead of writing out steps, you just describe the desired result, and the computer figures out the steps on its own (like saying, “I want cake,” and letting a chef handle the rest). Why Paradigms Matter Each paradigm offers a different way to think about and organize programming tasks.

Solidity uses the imperative paradigm because it focuses on giving computers detailed instructions to execute smart contracts effectively. So, whether you’re coding payments, NFTs, or DAOs, you’re essentially writing the computer’s “recipe” to follow step by step! A lil bit of technicals Solidity is a statically typed programming language designed for developing smart contracts that run on the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) or compatible virtual machines (like Hyperledger Fabric). Vending Machine Analogy Think of learning Solidity like learning to drive.

Just as learning to drive requires practice, patience, and understanding the manual to avoid accidents, Solidity requires practice, the right documentation, and the patience to master its complexities.Solidity allows you to build smart vending machines that handle digital money. These smart contracts interact with the blockchain to process transactions, similar to how a vending machine accepts coins to dispense drinks.

Key Features and Syntax Solidity Syntax vs. ECMAScript Solidity syntax is inspired by ECMAScript (European Computer Manufacturers Association Script), the standard that forms the basis for JavaScript, but with significant differences.It is a statically typed language, meaning you must specify the data types (e.g., integer, string, etc.) before using them in your code.Unlike JavaScript, Solidity also supports variadic return types, which allows a function to return multiple values of different types.

Vending Machine Analogy Imagine you are building a vending machine using Solidity. The machine accepts different types of inputs (coins) and gives out products (soda, snacks) in return. Just like when you're programming a vending machine, you need to define what types of inputs (money, coin denominations) it will accept and what types of outputs (soda, snacks) it will give out. In ECMAScript (European Computer Manufacturers Association Script), the vending machine might allow any input without specifying the exact type, but in...

...Solidity, you must be very explicit about the types of inputs—whether it's a specific coin denomination (integer) or a particular snack (string or identifier).Solidity’s static typing ensures that it doesn’t mistakenly accept faulty coins (incorrect data types), and it will always return the correct item based on the input. Data Structures and Inheritance Solidity supports complex data structures, such as mappings and structs, to organize data in smart contracts. It also supports inheritance, which allows new contracts to be based on existing ones, enhancing reusability and modularity.

Contracts in Solidity can inherit from others, enabling multiple inheritance with C3 linearization. Vending Machine Analogy With Solidity, you can build complex systems like tracking who bought which drinks and scheduling deliveries. The inheritance feature allows you to build on existing vending machine models, so instead of starting from scratch each time, you can tweak and customize an existing recipe (contract). Think of it like adjusting a family’s soda recipe but maintaining its base structure.

Solidity introduces the concept of an Application Binary Interface, which is a set of rules that allow smart contracts to communicate with each other and with external systems. The ABI ensures that data passed between contracts and the blockchain is type-safe. The ABI is like a secure communication line between the vending machine and the bank, ensuring that the transaction (payment) is valid and processed correctly. When you use Solidity to write the contract, it ensures that when money is inserted into the vending machine, the correct soda is dispensed, and the transaction is recorded securely.

Application Binary Interface (ABI)

Solidity allows developers to add natural language documentation within the code itself, ensuring that the functionality of smart contracts is easily understood by humans. This is particularly helpful for other developers or auditors who need to review the contract’s functionality. Think of comments in code as notes inside the vending machine explaining how it works. For example, a note could say, If this coin is inserted, dispense a soda. This is similar to how comments in Solidity help developers understand the purpose and function of each part of the contract, ensuring transparency and clarity.

Documentation and Code Comments

While Solidity is powerful, it is not perfect. The language has faced criticisms regarding its security flaws and design challenges. Security properties in smart contracts are difficult to reason about, and automated tools for contract verification often miss critical violations or generate false positives. The complexity of Solidity contracts makes them similar to complicated vending machines that require precise configuration to avoid failures. Just as small mistakes in vending machine instructions can lead to faulty operations or be exploited (e.g., vending a free drink), a poorly written...

Security and Design Challenges

... Solidity contract can be vulnerable to hacks.A famous example is the DAO hack of 2016, where Solidity’s vulnerabilities were exploited, resulting in a loss of millions of dollars. Design Challenges and Learning Curve Solidity's syntax, while familiar to JavaScript developers, can still be confusing for beginners. The language’s rigid structure and the need for additional tools make it challenging, especially when dealing with complex blockchain-specific tasks.Idea limit reached 🥲. Access the full ideas here➡️ <a href="https://telegra.ph/Solidity-12-13">Telegra.ph link</a>Thank you 🙏 😅

As I head into the new year, I'll be shifting my content focus from beginner Web3 and crypto topics to exploring developer-focused Web3 content. Who's with me?

Solidity (J10)

Let’s dive into CBDCs (Central Bank Digital Currencies). Think of them as digital versions of a country’s money, issued directly by its central bank—kind of like cash but virtual, usually built on blockchain technology. Governments are getting into blockchain, and CBDCs are their way of making an impact. But, let’s stay neutral here. While I may sound skeptical, my job is to give you the pros and cons and let you decide what you think about these digital currencies.

Definition

1. Retail CBDCs:Designed for individuals and businesses.Used for everyday transactions, similar to fiat money in digital form. 2. Wholesale CBDCs:Issued for financial institutions.Function similarly to central bank reserves, facilitating interbank transfers and settlements.

Categories of CBDCs

How CBDCs are distributed to end users: 1. Direct Model:The central bank directly issues the CBDC and handles all services, including customer-facing operations.Example: The People's Bank of China’s Digital Renminbi (pilot phase). 2. Intermediated Model:The central bank issues the CBDC, but customer-facing services are managed by intermediaries (e.g., commercial banks or approved payment providers).Example: Eastern Caribbean Union's Dcash and conceptual models explored by the U.S. Federal Reserve.

Distribution Models

The technical framework for CBDC functionality: 1. Account-Based: Ownership is tied to identities.Transactions are validated by verifying account holders' identities.Example: European Central Bank’s Digital Euro (research phase). 2. Token-Based: Ownership is tied to cryptographic proofs.Transactions rely on the possession of digital tokens, similar to cryptocurrencies. 3. Database Management:May use centralized systems or distributed ledger technology (DLT). Not all CBDCs are blockchain-based. Some rely on traditional databases for secure record-keeping.

Implementation Models

Centralized Control: Unlike decentralized cryptocurrencies, CBDCs are under the full authority of central banks. Flexible Technology: Can use blockchain, distributed ledger technology, or centralized databases. Qualities of Money: Serve as a unit of account, medium of exchange, and store of value. Traceability: Each unit is uniquely identifiable, enhancing transparency and reducing fraud.

Key Features of CBDCs

1. Early Research: 1990s: Finland’s Avant, an early electronic money (e-money) card, laid the foundation. 2. Key Milestones: 2014: The People's Bank of China began researching CBDCs. 2014–2018: Ecuador launched a state-run mobile payment system (not blockchain-based). 2021: Australia's Central Bank tokenized syndicated loans using Ethereum in a wholesale CBDC proof of concept.

History and Development of CBDCs

2023: Over 134 countries, representing about 98% of global GDP, explored CBDC frameworks. 2024: Several CBDCs have been launched globally. Examples of Launched CBDCs 1. Bahamas – Sand Dollar: The first fully launched CBDC in the world. 2. Eastern Caribbean Union – Dcash: Used within member states for cross-border and local transactions. 3. Nigeria – eNaira: Africa’s first CBDC, focused on financial inclusion. 4. China – Digital Renminbi: The first CBDC by a major economy, currently in extensive pilot testing. 5. India – Digital Rupee: Pilot phase for retail and wholesale use.

3. Global Exploration

6. Jamaica – Jam-Dex: Launched to increase digital payment adoption. 7. Russia – Digital Ruble: In testing for domestic use and trade. 8. Brazil – Drex: Testing began in 2023. 9. Eurozone – Digital Euro: Approved for a preparatory phase starting October 2024. Other Government-Backed Digital Currencies Venezuela – Petro: A government-issued cryptocurrency designed to bypass economic sanctions. Distinct from CBDCs due to its reliance on blockchain. Marshall Islands – Sovereign (SOV): Proposed as a national digital currency but still under development.

1. Enhanced financial inclusion by providing digital payment options to the unbanked. 2. Increased efficiency in cross-border payments. 3. Improved monetary policy implementation. 4. Enhanced traceability to combat fraud and tax evasion.

Benefits of CBDCs

1. Potential privacy concerns due to centralized control and traceability. 2. Risk of cyberattacks on CBDC systems. 3. High implementation and operational costs. 4. Potential disruption to traditional banking systems, especially with a direct distribution model.

Challenges of CBDCs

1. Digital Dollarization:This refers to the adoption of foreign digital currencies like the U.S. digital dollar by local economies.While it can stabilize local economies, it may lead to a loss of monetary sovereignty and control over domestic financial policies. 2. Helicopter Money:The direct distribution of stimulus funds to citizens' wallets by the central authority, bypassing financial intermediaries.This boosts spending immediately during recessions but could lead to inflationary pressure if not managed carefully.

Key Terms in the CBDC Discourse

3. Seigniorage:The profit earned by a government from issuing currency, calculated as the difference between the face value of the money and its production cost.CBDCs help central banks retain this profit by preventing private digital currencies from eroding their revenue sources. 4. Zero Lower Bound:A situation in monetary policy where interest rates are close to zero, making traditional monetary tools ineffective. 5. Traceability:CBDCs enable the tracking of the origins and uses of money through unique identifiers, ensuring transparency and accountability.

1. China:China leads the CBDC race with its digital yuan. It aims to enhance its payment system, reduce dependency on private platforms like Alipay and WeChat Pay, and boost the internationalization of the yuan. Extensive pilot programs have been conducted in cities like Shenzhen and Suzhou, and the digital yuan was integrated with the Winter Olympics in 2022.

Global Developments in CBDCs

The UK is exploring a digital pound, nicknamed "Britcoin," as part of its efforts to modernize its monetary system. The digital pound, nicknamed Britcoin, is being developed to complement physical cash as the UK moves toward a society driven by digital payments. The goal is to strengthen the UK's position as a financial leader in innovation. While the digital pound was initially expected to launch in the late 2020s, it’s been years since that announcement, and progress remains unclear.

United Kingdom

Now, moving to Nigeria, we launched the e-Naira in 2021. The aim was to promote financial inclusion, especially in underserved and unbanked areas, and to reduce cash handling costs, driving Nigeria toward a more digital economy. However, the adoption rate has been limited due to low digital literacy and trust issues. Nigerians generally have trust issues—myself included.I mean, trusting someone with my hard-earned money is not easy. But we hope things improve over time.

Nigeria

In the European Union, preparation for the digital euro began in 2023.The EU aims to ensure monetary sovereignty in the digital age and to provide an alternative to non-European payment providers like Visa and MasterCard. India, one of the most crypto-adoptive nations, launched its pilot project for the digital rupee in 2022.Through this initiative, India seeks to support innovation in digital payments, enhance efficiency in interbank settlements, and improve wholesale financial transactions.

EU And India

On the other hand, some countries remain neutral or skeptical about CBDCs. For instance:Switzerland prioritizes the relevance of physical cash due to concerns about increased financial surveillance.For them, cash is viewed as a fundamental aspect of individual liberty. The United States is cautious about adopting a digital dollar.While the Federal Reserve is exploring it, the U.S. government wants to balance innovation with privacy and security concerns.Additionally, they worry about potential threats to banking stability from deposit outflows.

Sweden is testing the e-krona.Despite being highly cashless and digital, the country remains cautious about fully transitioning to a CBDC due to concerns about reliability and inclusivity. Interestingly, El Salvador has taken a different path. Instead of prioritizing a CBDC, El Salvador has embraced Bitcoin, becoming the first country to adopt it as legal tender.Their dedication to Bitcoin is admirable, especially given the cryptocurrency's volatility.Despite the risks, El Salvador is thriving, firmly believing in a decentralized system rather than state-controlled digital currencies.

Honestly, El Salvador fascinates me.It’s a country I would love to visit someday—maybe I’ll find a sponsor or something. Sweden also holds a special place in my heart, and visiting there is another dream of mine.I'd you stayed till here, Thank you so much.Dyor?<a href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/central-bank-digital-currency-cbdc.asp">Investopedia</a> <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_bank_digital_currency">Wikipedia</a>

I finally found the energy to cook this up after procrastinating for eons. Back to business 😅, who missed me?

history

History

Discover the world of business and economics.

economics

Economics

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Money & Investments

CBDCs

It's not what you lack that holds you back; it's failing to use what you have.

Lessons come from the things you fail to learn

The corrupt have a price, but the honest hold values.

Cheating someone doesn't make them a fool—it shows they trusted you more than you deserved.

Honesty is a rare and costly gift; never expect it from those who are cheap.

If yesterday's achievements still seem great, you haven't accomplished enough today.

Build your own dreams, or you'll end up building someone else's.

You can't enjoy the view of the plains without climbing the mountain.

Don't let your brain sit idle—put it to use.

Brains aren't rewarded for existence but for being used wisely.

Challenges add intrigue to life; conquering them gives it meaning.

Victory holds no joy without the risk of defeat.

A path without obstacles leads to nowhere significant

The past is worth revisiting but never staying in.

You can't create a better tomorrow while dwelling on yesterday

Embrace risks in life. If you win, you lead; if you lose, you guide

People are defined by their actions, not their words—judge them accordingly.

When someone causes you pain, remember the sweetest fruit-laden trees attract the most stones.

Take all you can from life, for when it starts taking, it leaves nothing behind.

Stones thrown on the path to success can either become a wall or a bridge—it's your choice.

I saw it, then thought it nice to put it out here for us creatives and for everyone who is unique but the world has stigmatized.

Cantina (BC 12)

Code4rena (BC 11)

Omniscia (BC 10)

Mastermind

Solidity (J10)

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