<ul><li>On the morning of July 16, Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins sat atop another Saturn V at Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center. </li><li>At 9:32 a.m. EDT, the engines fired, and Apollo 11 cleared the tower. Twelve minutes later, the crew was in Earth orbit, and after one and a half orbits, Apollo 11 got the "go" to head for the moon. </li><li>Three days later, the crew was in lunar orbit, and a day later, Armstrong and Aldrin climbed into the lunar module <em>Eagle</em> and began the descent, while Collins orbited in the command module <em>Columbia</em>.</li></ul>

Apollo 11 

<p>When the lunar module landed at 4:17 p.m EDT, only 30 seconds of fuel remained. Armstrong radios, "Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed." </p><p>Armstrong later confirmed that landing was his biggest concern as there were a thousand things to worry about.</p><p>They explored the surface for two and a half hours, collecting samples and taking photographs. They left the American flag behind, a patch honouring the fallen Apollo1 crew, and a plaque on one of Eagle's legs that read, "Here men from the planet Earth first set foot upon the moon. July 1969 A.D. We came in peace for all mankind."</p>

The landing 

<img src="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/ubernode_alt_horiz/public/images/464487main_AS11-40-5886_full.jpg" alt="Neil Armstrong on the lunar surface." width="779" height="240"><div class="embed-placeholder" data-type="youtube" data-id="hxPbnFc7iU8"></div><div class="caption">Footage from the Apollo 11 moonwalk that was partially restored in 2009.</div><div>Credits:</div><p dir="ltr">July 1969. It's a little over eight years since the flights of Gagarin and Shepard, followed quickly by President Kennedy's <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/vision/space/features/jfk_speech.html" dir="ltr">challenge</a> to put a man on the moon before the decade is out.</p><img src="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/side_image/public/62297main_neil_on_moon_full.jpg?itok=1c8GTfbJ" width="320" height="197" alt="62297main_neil_on_moon_full.jpg" title=""><div class="caption">Apollo 11 Commander Neil Armstrong working at an equipment storage area on the lunar module. This is one of the few photos that show Armstrong during the moonwalk. Click image to enlarge.</div><div>Credits: NASA</div><img src="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/side_image/public/62295main_liftoff_full.jpg?itok=A1XyIFT5" width="320" height="439" alt="62295main_liftoff_full.jpg" title=""><div class="caption">Smoke and flames signal the opening of a historic journey as the Saturn V clears the launch pad. Click image to enlarge.</div><div>Credits: NASA</div><img src="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/side_image/public/62288main_aldrin_ladder_full.jpg?itok=hZ-pLV3R" width="320" height="408" alt="62288main_aldrin_ladder_full.jpg" title=""><div class="caption">Buzz Aldrin climbs down the Eagle's ladder to the surface. Click image to enlarge.</div><div>Credits: NASA</div><img src="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/side_image/public/62291main_crater_orbit_full.jpg?itok=2cR8p7bb" width="320" height="330" alt="62291main_crater_orbit_full.jpg" title=""><div class="caption">Crater 308 stands out in sharp relief in this photo from lunar orbit. Click image to enlarge.</div><div>Credits: NASA</div><p dir="ltr">It is only seven months since NASA's made a bold decision to send Apollo 8 all the way to the moon on the first manned flight of the massive Saturn V rocket.<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
Now, on the morning of July 16, <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/images/62292main_crew_link.jpg" dir="ltr"> Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins</a> sit atop another Saturn V at Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center. The three-stage 363-foot rocket will use its 7.5 million pounds of thrust to propel them into space and into history.<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
At 9:32 a.m. EDT, the engines fire and Apollo 11 clears the tower. About 12 minutes later, the crew is in Earth orbit. (<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wav/62282main_countdown_launch.wav" dir="ltr">›&nbsp;Play Audio</a>)<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
After one and a half orbits, Apollo 11 gets a "go" for what mission controllers call "Translunar Injection" - in other words, it's time to head for the moon. Three days later the crew is in lunar orbit. A day after that, Armstrong and Aldrin climb into the lunar module <i dir="ltr">Eagle</i> and begin the descent, while Collins orbits in the command module <i dir="ltr">Columbia</i>.&nbsp;<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
Collins later writes that <i dir="ltr">Eagle</i> is "the weirdest looking contraption I have ever seen in the sky," but it will prove its worth.<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
When it comes time to set <i dir="ltr">Eagle</i> down in the Sea of Tranquility, Armstrong improvises, manually piloting the ship past an area littered with boulders. During the final seconds of descent, <i dir="ltr">Eagle's</i> computer is sounding alarms.<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
It turns out to be a simple case of the computer trying to do too many things at once, but as Aldrin will later point out, "unfortunately it came up when we did not want to be trying to solve these particular problems."<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
When the lunar module lands at 4:17 p.m EDT, only 30 seconds of fuel remain. Armstrong radios "Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed." Mission control erupts in celebration as the tension breaks, and a controller tells the crew "You got a bunch of guys about to turn blue, we're breathing again." (<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wav/62283main_landing.wav" dir="ltr">›&nbsp;Play Audio</a>)<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
Armstrong will later confirm that landing was his biggest concern, saying "the unknowns were rampant," and "there were just a thousand things to worry about."<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
At 10:56 p.m. EDT Armstrong is ready to plant the first human foot on another world. With more than half a billion people watching on television, he climbs down the ladder and proclaims: "That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind." (<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wav/62284main_onesmall2.wav" dir="ltr">›&nbsp;Play Audio</a>)<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
Aldrin joins him shortly, and offers a simple but powerful description of the lunar surface: "magnificent desolation." They explore the surface for two and a half hours, collecting samples and taking photographs.<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
They leave behind an American flag, a patch honoring the fallen Apollo 1 crew, and a <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/images/62298main_plaque_link.jpg" dir="ltr"> plaque</a> on one of <i dir="ltr">Eagle's</i> legs. It reads, "Here men from the planet Earth first set foot upon the moon. July 1969 A.D. We came in peace for all mankind."<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
Armstrong and Aldrin blast off and dock with Collins in <i dir="ltr">Columbia</i>. Collins later says that "for the first time," he "really felt that we were going to carry this thing off."<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
The crew splashes down off Hawaii on July 24. Kennedy's challenge has been met. Men from Earth have walked on the moon and returned safely home.<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
In an interview years later, Armstrong praises the "hundreds of thousands" of people behind the project. "Every guy that's setting up the tests, cranking the torque wrench, and so on, is saying, man or woman, 'If anything goes wrong here, it's not going to be my fault.'" (<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/62281main_armstrong_oralhistory.pdf" dir="ltr">›&nbsp;Read 2001 Interview, 172 Kb PDF</a>)<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
In a post-flight press conference, Armstrong calls the flight "a beginning of a new age," while Collins talks about future journeys to Mars.<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
Over the next three and a half years, 10 astronauts will follow in their footsteps. Gene Cernan, commander of the last Apollo mission leaves the lunar surface with these words: "We leave as we came and, God willing, as we shall return, with peace, and hope for all mankind."<br dir="ltr"><br dir="ltr">
&nbsp;</p><div dir="ltr">Last Updated: Jul 20, 2021</div><div dir="ltr">Editor: NASA Administrator</div>

At 10:56 p.m. EDT Neil Armstrong is ready to plant the first human foot on another world. With more than half a billion people watching on television, he climbs down the ladder and proclaims: "That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind."

scienceandnature

Science & Nature

<p>July 1969. It's a little over eight years since the flights of Gagarin and Shepard, followed quickly by President Kennedy's <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/vision/space/features/jfk_speech.html">challenge </a>to put a man on the moon before the decade is out. </p>

<p>It is only seven months since NASA's made a bold decision to send Apollo 8 all the way to the moon on the first manned flight of the massive Saturn V rocket.<br><br>Now, on the morning of July 16, <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/images/62292main_crew_link.jpg">Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins </a>sit atop another Saturn V at Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center. The three-stage 363-foot rocket will use its 7.5 million pounds of thrust to propel them into space and into history.<br><br>At 9:32 a.m. EDT, the engines fire and Apollo 11 clears the tower. About 12 minutes later, the crew is in Earth orbit. (<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wav/62282main_countdown_launch.wav">› Play Audio </a>)<br><br>After one and a half orbits, Apollo 11 gets a "go" for what mission controllers call "Translunar Injection" - in other words, it's time to head for the moon. Three days later the crew is in lunar orbit. A day after that, Armstrong and Aldrin climb into the lunar module <i>Eagle </i>and begin the descent, while Collins orbits in the command module <i>Columbia </i>. <br><br>Collins later writes that <i>Eagle </i>is "the weirdest looking contraption I have ever seen in the sky," but it will prove its worth.<br><br>When it comes time to set <i>Eagle </i>down in the Sea of Tranquility, Armstrong improvises, manually piloting the ship past an area littered with boulders. During the final seconds of descent, <i>Eagle's </i>computer is sounding alarms.<br><br>It turns out to be a simple case of the computer trying to do too many things at once, but as Aldrin will later point out, "unfortunately it came up when we did not want to be trying to solve these particular problems."<br><br>When the lunar module lands at 4:17 p.m EDT, only 30 seconds of fuel remain. Armstrong radios "Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed." Mission control erupts in celebration as the tension breaks, and a controller tells the crew "You got a bunch of guys about to turn blue, we're breathing again." (<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wav/62283main_landing.wav">› Play Audio </a>)<br><br>Armstrong will later confirm that landing was his biggest concern, saying "the unknowns were rampant," and "there were just a thousand things to worry about."<br><br>At 10:56 p.m. EDT Armstrong is ready to plant the first human foot on another world. With more than half a billion people watching on television, he climbs down the ladder and proclaims: "That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind." (<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wav/62284main_onesmall2.wav">› Play Audio </a>)<br><br>Aldrin joins him shortly, and offers a simple but powerful description of the lunar surface: "magnificent desolation." They explore the surface for two and a half hours, collecting samples and taking photographs.<br><br>They leave behind an American flag, a patch honoring the fallen Apollo 1 crew, and a <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/images/62298main_plaque_link.jpg">plaque </a>on one of <i>Eagle's </i>legs. It reads, "Here men from the planet Earth first set foot upon the moon. July 1969 A.D. We came in peace for all mankind."<br><br>Armstrong and Aldrin blast off and dock with Collins in <i>Columbia </i>. Collins later says that "for the first time," he "really felt that we were going to carry this thing off."<br><br>The crew splashes down off Hawaii on July 24. Kennedy's challenge has been met. Men from Earth have walked on the moon and returned safely home.<br><br>In an interview years later, Armstrong praises the "hundreds of thousands" of people behind the project. "Every guy that's setting up the tests, cranking the torque wrench, and so on, is saying, man or woman, 'If anything goes wrong here, it's not going to be my fault.'" (<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/62281main_armstrong_oralhistory.pdf">› Read 2001 Interview, 172 Kb PDF </a>)<br><br>In a post-flight press conference, Armstrong calls the flight "a beginning of a new age," while Collins talks about future journeys to Mars.<br><br>Over the next three and a half years, 10 astronauts will follow in their footsteps. Gene Cernan, commander of the last Apollo mission leaves the lunar surface with these words: "We leave as we came and, God willing, as we shall return, with peace, and hope for all mankind."<br><br>  </p>

July 20, 1969: One Giant Leap For Mankind

Apollo 11

The landing

CURATED BY

Related collections

More like this