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What is CRISPR?
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (or CRISPR for short) is a process in which DNA strands are cut at specific locations so that they can naturally repair themselves.
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How does CRISPR Work?
As mentioned before, CRISPR describes the process in which a faulty segment of DNA is removed and is replaced with a properly functioning piece.
To be more specific, the Cas9 Enzyme (which is found in CRISPR) first enters the DNA sequence and cuts out the faulty strand. For the Cas9 Enzyme to cut the correct spot, a guide RNA is used.
Once the faulty strand is successfully removed, CRISPR generates a double-stranded DNA break which triggers cellular DNA repair pathways that correct the genome.
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What is the Future of CRISPR?
Some of the main use cases for CRISPR are as follow:
- Correction of genetic errors that cause diseases
- Elimination of microbes that cause disease
- Resurrection of Species
- Creation of new and healthier foods
- Eradication of harmful pests
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What are the Issues with CRISPR?
Despite CRISPR's large success, there are a variety of ethical issues with the practice. Some of these issues are listed below:
- Lack of appropriate supervision over the technology
- Lack of uniformity will cause discrepancies when using CRISPR in different nations
- Experimentation with the human genome is illegal in some countries
- Potential privacy and security breaches
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Conclusion
CRISPR is one of the most fascinating innovations of the 21st century and has almost limitless applications. As we understand the domain better, we can improve existing technologies to the point where we can create more biologically advanced humans.
Although the prospect of more advanced humans is incredibly riveting, it has a large amount of ethical issues alongside it.
Overall, the study is one of great importance to the scientific community, and will remain as such for the foreseeable future.
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Extra Sources
How Does CRISPR Work:
https://crisprtx.com/gene-editing/crispr-cas9
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34365511/
Future Applications:
https://futurism.com/crispr-genetic-engineering-change-world
Ethical Concerns:
https://www.bu.edu/khc/files/2018/10/CRISPR-Ethics-reading.pdf
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IDEAS CURATED BY
CURATOR'S NOTE
CRISPR is one of the most important scientific discoveries in modern day. In the following stash, you will learn about what CRISPR is, how it works, what applications it has, and what issues surround it.
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Sidharth Bharatwaj's ideas are part of this journey:
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