Talha Mumtaz ✔️'s Key Ideas from Cosmic Queries
by Neil deGrasse Tyson, James Trefil

Well, one of the earliest ways was to measure the distance of the stars from the Earth by observing the parallax effect. Parallax effect is the position of an object depending on the observer’s point of view.

Around 20th century, Henrietta Leavitt developed the standard “candle technique” to measure distance. Then in the 1920’s, Edwin Hubble used the technique to find the distance of stars in Andromeda Galaxy which is the nearest largest galaxy to our galaxy.

Do you know what dark matter and dark energy is? You may have heard about it already. Unfortunately, the short answer to that question is that nobody really knows. However, we do know that the observable matter such as atoms, protons, electrons quarks just make 5% of the universe. Dark matter & Dark Energy are different and do not affect each other. Dark Matter makes 27% of the universe and it affects the rotation if galaxies as it has a gravitational force.

Well, Dark Energy makes up 68% of the universe and is known or seen as “antigravity” which speeds up the expansion of the universe. Due to its anti-gravity nature, it also pushes away galaxies from each other.

According to the authors, the more we understand about the universe, the more questions arise. The modern technology and progressive advancements may have enabled us to peek into distant areas in the universe but that has also given us more questions to answer and more areas to discover.