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Parmenides
He was one of the most influential pre-Socratic thinkers.
Parmenides argued that change was an illusion based on our faulty image of reality. He explained that nothing could be created or destroyed and everything was really “one being." That is, all substances are part of the same larger whole.
As he thought that it was impossible to conceive of “nothingness" he also argued that empty space was an impossibility. This lead him to declare motion to be impossible, as any movement would require empty space to move into.
204
496 reads
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Thales
- Thales is best remembered for his metaphysics which argued that everything originated from water and that water somehow constituted all other elements. He left no writings.
- Thales devoted time to astronomy and was the first person to predict ...
226
1.84K reads
Pythagoras
- Pythagoras was a Greek mathematician, philosopher, and mystic. He is best known for the similarly named theorem.
- He did most of his work in southern Italy and wrote nothing down.
- Pythagoras was a sage who founded a small religion of devoted ...
204
597 reads
Heraclitus
A philosopher active around 500 BCE, that wrote a book; this gives us a direct path to his thoughts. He felt that wisdom should be earned, he wrote obscurely, so much so that his book was challenging to read.
He developed a cosmology. His c...
202
567 reads
Zeno of Elea
He was a pioneer of the reductio ad absurdum argument. Aristotle credited him with co-inventing the dialectic method of philosophy.
He is best remembered for his paradoxes
202
466 reads
Diogenes of Sinope
Diogenes founded the Cynical school of philosophy, a school dedicated to simple living and virtue. Advocating a simple, disciplined, self-sufficient life, Diogenes lived in a large jar and owned nothing but a cloak and staff. He begged for food and avoided luxuries like the p...
197
428 reads
Zeno of Citium
The founder of the Stoic school of philosophy, Zeno was heavily influenced by the Cynics.
Initially a wealthy merchant, he became interested in philosophy during a trip to Athens and grew to be a highly regarded teacher.
Stoicism is a philosophy dedicated to ...
206
469 reads
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Einstein and Light
Albert Einstein did not think about symmetry when he wrote his first relativity papers in 1905. He was considering several seemingly unrelated puzzles and connecting the dots.
- Einstein realized that the speed of light - a speed that stayed constant - was a measurable manifestation of...
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