Learn more about crypto with this collection
Understanding the basics of cryptocurrency
How to store cryptocurrency securely
Risks and benefits of investing in cryptocurrency
Durability
Durability is the property which guarantees that transactions that have committed will survive permanently. For example, if a flight booking reports that a seat has successfully been booked, then the seat will remain booked even if the system crashes.
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Atomicity
Transactions are often composed of multiple statements. Atomicity guarantees that each transaction is treated as a single "unit", which either succeeds completely, or fails completely: if any of the statements constituting a transaction fails to complete, the entire transaction fails and the data...
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Consistency
Consistency ensures that a transaction can only bring the database from one valid state to another, maintaining database invariants: any data written to the database must be valid according to all defined rules, including constraints, cascades, triggers, and any combination thereof. This prevents...
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Isolation
Transactions are often executed concurrently. Isolation ensures that concurrent execution of transactions leaves the database in the same state that would have been obtained if the transactions were executed sequentially. There are four layers: read uncommitted, read committed, repeatable reads a...
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ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) is a set of properties of database transactions intended to guarantee data validity despite errors, power failures, and other mishaps. In the context of databases, a sequence of database operations that satisfies the ACID properties (which can ...
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More on Isolation - read phenomena
The ANSI/ISO standard SQL 92 refers to three different read phenomena when a transaction reads data that another transaction might have changed. These are dirty reads (when a transaction is allowed to read data from a row that has been modified by another running transact...
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Related collections
Other curated ideas on this topic:
From Bitcoin to Smart Contracts
Bitcoin created a decentralized monetary system which can transfer money from one person to another. That only allowed for monetary transactions, there was no way to add conditions to those transactions:
Alice can send Bob 5 BTC, but she couldn’t tell Bob that he will ...
Why people form delusional beliefs
Beliefs are formed in the first place to enable us to survive in our social environment, to cooperate with each other, and mutually reflect and solve problems. However, beliefs differ across social groups. For example, beliefs about the risk levels of specific activities duri...
What science to accept
- Ensure that any science you trust has passed through the peer-review process. And even then it might not be accurate.
- Search for information on the limits of the data in science reports. Were assumptions made? Be concerned if the discussion of them is missing.
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