Mind 1 Makes Mistakes - Deepstash
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Mind 1 Makes Mistakes

System 1 is prone to biases, cognitive illusions, and overconfidence. We often fail to recognize these errors because they happen so quickly, before our conscious mind has even kicked into gear. By better understanding our two-system mind and how it operates, we can avoid mistakes in reasoning and make better decisions.

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To Think Smart, Think Slow

So, our two-system mind is subject to all sorts of cognitive errors. What can we do about it? How can we more reliably make good decisions?

First, recognize when your automatic, System 1 thinking is leading you astray, then slow down and get reinforcement from System 2. Whi...

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177 reads

Human Beings Are Rational, Right?

Our society is built on the premise that human beings are more or less rational. We trust that our leaders, judges, scientists, and other experts are making fair and unbiased decisions, and that we ourselves are seeing the world as it is and making the best choices we can.

...

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716 reads

Experience And Memory Are In Conflict

You may think that your experiences (“I’m having fun!”) and your memories (“That was fun!”) are closely connected. But Daniel Kahneman points out that they can diverge drastically, and that has implications for the choices you make

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268 reads

The “Experiencing Self” And The “Remembering Self”

Buying an expensive luxury item may give you a lot of actual joy in the moment. But with hindsight, the cost of the purchase may weigh on you, and you may decide it wasn’t worth it. So the next time you have a purchase to make, do you optimize for the in-the-moment experi...

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222 reads

“Reference Dependence”

“Reference dependence,” is what Kahneman calls our tendency to perceive the value of things and experiences relative to some status quo that we hold in mind—whether it’s our memory of how much a thing used to cost, or our neighbor’s fancy car that influen...

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196 reads

No, Human Beings Are Not Really Rational

In fact, human thinking is riddled with biases, oversimplifications, and distortions. And these mistakes aren’t random, either. In Thinking, Fast and Slow , Nobel Prize-winning economist and psychologist Daniel Kahneman attempts to uncover the p...

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390 reads

Like It Or Not, You Are Always Of Two Minds.

You don’t have one mind. When it comes to thinking, Daniel Kahneman argues, you have two. While they go by many names, Kahneman prefers the terms System 1 and System 2.

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441 reads

The Division Of Labour

This division of labor is highly efficient. For a mind that is constantly being bombarded with stimuli, it keeps effort to a minimum. System 1 can take care of a lot of basic tasks without any input from System 2. It is the one that works most of the time...

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304 reads

Using Our Mental Distortions To Our Benefit

The planning fallacy is just one of dozens of mental distortions that Kahneman and his fellow researchers have identified, a devastating critique of the rational choice theory favored by many economists. By learning about these cognitive biases, we’re more likely t...

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269 reads

The 3 Stages Of Making A Decision

Broadly speaking, there are three stages to making a decision:

  • Framing the problem
  • Collecting the relevant data
  • Reflecting on and reviewing the information

According to Kahneman, paying careful atten...

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231 reads

Structures Make For Deliberation

Put structures in place around you that make decision-making more deliberative. For example, Kahneman recommends leaders adopt checklists, which help avoid oversights and encourage a culture of slow thinking.

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The 2-System Mind: System 1 Of 2

System 1 thinks quickly and automatically, with little to no effort and no sense of voluntary control. System 1 lets you immediately recognize that one person is farther away than another, for example, or lets you solve 2 + 2 without having to think about it.

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An Example Of Distortion: The Planning Fallacy

Research has shown that when taking on risky projects or investments, decision-makers often fall victim to what Kahneman calls the “planning fallacy.” This is our tendency to make optimistic predictions based on what our fast-acting System 1 mind hopes will happen, rather than a ...

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Systems And Selves

The “experiencing self” is rooted in System 1, which favors short periods of intense pleasure and dreads sharp pains. The System 2 “remembering self” tells a story about that experience, and that story changes over time. For example, patients undergoing brief but painful...

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Losses Loom Larger Than Gains

First published by Kahneman and his longtime collaborator Amos Tversky in 1979, prospect theory is a model of decision-making behavior informed by Systems 1 and 2. It was cited in the 2002 decision to award Kahneman the Nobel Prize in Economics.

A ...

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180 reads

The 2-System Mind: System 2 Of 2

System 2 operates slowly, calculating and reasoning. It’s what we think of as our conscious, deliberate mind. System 2 is what lets you calculate just how far away that person is, or helps you solve a harder math problem like 16 x 43.

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345 reads

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Integrity

Mistakes often happen when we break promises, over-commit, agree to avoid conflict or fail to listen fully. Big mistakes often start as small errors. 

Mistakes can be a signal that our words and our actions are out of alignment. In that case, we can re-examine our intentions, recons...

The Two-System Brain

The Two-System Brain

Daniel Kahneman, Nobel prize winner, explains how our mind has 2 modes:

  • Your deliberate system is responsible for sophisticated functions such as reasoning, self-control, and forward-thinking. It excels in handling anything unfamiliar, complex, or abstract. But it has ...

Why we make bad decisions

Why we make bad decisions

  • We ignore the warning signs - feeling tired, emotional, distracted, in a rush...working in the "hurry up" culture.
  • We focus on solving the wrong problem or fail to look at it in a broader sense.
  • When we work on second-hand information...

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