The Many Forms Of Déjà Vu

In his 1981 doctoral thesis, the South African neuropsychiatrist Vernon Neppe listed 21 variants of déjà vu. Among them were the aforementioned déjà vécu, as well as déjà visité (‘already visited’), déjà rêvé (‘already dreamt’), déjà entendu (‘already heard’), déjà senti (‘already smelt’), and déjà lu (‘already read’).

It was Neppe, in fact, who first proposed that we place the various types under the heading ‘déjà experiences’.