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The Thinking Ladder
The Primitive Mind
If we are low on the Psych Spectrum, our Primitive Mind is in charge, which means:
- We are short-sighted
- We act small-minded and emotional
- We behave in an egoistic way.
- We lack self-awareness.
- We are uncompassionate.
- We show hypocrisy.
- We are unaware to even know about any of the above actions.
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Key Ideas
The Way We See The World
Each of us looks at things differently, and it's largely based on our thinking patterns, education levels, inherent bias, self-identity, and real, first-hand experiences.
Higher Mind Vs Primitive Mind
Human beings tend to have two kinds of conflicting mindsets:
- The Higher Mind, the conscious truth-seeking mind, has made human beings an advanced civilization.
- The Primitive Mind is our hardwired, thousands-of-years-old survivalist part, the one that's still stuck in the dark ages.
The Psych Spectrum
Our Higher Mind and the Primitive Mind always have a tug-of-war like conflict. The degree of the conflict can be placed in a spectrum, which is called a Psych Spectrum.
If the Higher mind is in control, we are placed higher in the Psych Spectrum and have the Primitive Mind under check. If we are placed at a lower degree in the Psych Spectrum, then the Primitive Mind is under control.
The Primitive Mind
If we are low on the Psych Spectrum, our Primitive Mind is in charge, which means:
- We are short-sighted
- We act small-minded and emotional
- We behave in an egoistic way.
- We lack self-awareness.
- We are uncompassionate.
- We show hypocrisy.
- We are unaware to even know about any of the above actions.
The 4 Rungs of Thinking
- The Scientist, for whom Truth is important. It approaches anything with objectivity and accepts that there are things still unknown.
- The Sports Fan, for whom along with the truth, confirmation to his/her beliefs is also important; initial beliefs are the right ones and any new information is approached with confirmation bias.
- The Attorney, for whom confirmation of 'his own' version' of the Truth is important; for him, his truth is already The Truth and now he just has to prove it.
- The Zealot, for whom confirmation to his/her beliefs is the Truth; there is no reasoning, as the truth is already known, and there is no need to prove it.
Gathering New Information
- While gathering new information, the Scientist Mindset goes for unbiased and broad information gathering.
- The Sports Fan Mindset has confirmation bias so cherry-picks his information to suit his narrative or the outcome he is rooting for.
- The Attorney Mindset has to only pick the information that suits his version of the truth and nothing else
- The Zealot Mindset does not require any information gathering as he is not there to prove anything to anyone.
Evaluating and Judging
Truth-based mindset judges others by the way they think (HOW), while confirmation based mindset judges others by WHAT they think.
Truth based mindsets also have original viewpoints based on actual, objective reasoning, derived from the concept of first principles.
Confirmation-based mindsets are not concerned with truth so they are not having any original viewpoints, and only analogy based reasoning.
Conviction and Worldview
The Unbiased scientific thinker strives to arrive at the truth using knowledge and conviction in equal measure. His vision is clear but he believes that obtaining real knowledge is hard and the world is a complicated, foggy place.
Whereas when we go to the bottom of the Psych Spectrum, we see that Truth is not important; only sticking with existing beliefs is required. The vision is foggy, but the belief is rock solid.
Self-Awareness of Mindsets
Upwards of the Psych Spectrum, we see objective thinking and lack of ego, ready to accept the truth after we find it, rationally and by following an unbiased process.
As we go down the Spectrum we start to see flawed thinking and a stronger self-image, as preset and confirmed beliefs rule, not the truth.
Matured Thinking
It is a process. As each of us is essentially getting better in our thinking, maturing to grow up psychologically, we are climbing to the higher rungs of the Psych Spectrum.
While we are in the process of going towards the Higher Mindset, we can never discard the primitive mindset totally.
Bertrand Russell
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The Just-World Hypothesis
Is a cognitive bias that causes us to assume that people’s actions always lead to fair consequences, meaning that those who do good are eventually rewarded, while those who do evil are eventually p...
Why poeple believe is a just world
- Belief in a just world can serve as motivation for making long-term efforts.
- Belief in a just world can serve as a coping mechanism for everyday struggles.
- Belief in a just world can help people cope with existential issues, by providing them with a sense of purpose.
- Belief in a just world can help people feel in control, because they believe their future will be determined by their actions.
Factors influencing the Just World bias
- Various background factors, such as religion and ethnicity, can affect the likelihood that people will display just-world beliefs, and the degree to which they will display them.
- Various situational factors can also affect the degree to which people believe in a just world. For example, being in a good mood reduces people’s tendency to blame innocent victims, while being in a bad mood increases this tendency.
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Polymaths and mastery
Polymaths manage to achieve mastery across multiple industries, arts, or fields of study. What sets them apart? The willingness and drive to learn new.
Aristotle (382 BC–322 BC)
A polymath that made fundamental contributions to diverse fields of study, including logic, rhetoric, ethics, physics, story, poetry, government, metaphysics, geology and zoology.
Aristotle believed that we should strive to live a life of moderation, nurturing the virtues within ourselves and avoiding the vices on either extreme end.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519)
H was the father of the High Renaissance style. Da Vinci made contributions to many other fields: urban planning, mathematics, botany, astronomy, invention, history, sculpting and cartography.
- He introduced the idea of painting with aerial perspective (painting faraway objects less distinctly and with less vibrant colors).
- He was also interested in anatomy. He used his skills as an artist to create the Vitruvian Man, a study on body proportion and an exemplar of the intersection of math and art common in the Renaissance era.
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Types Of People Who Blame
- People who can always find something else to blame.
- People who blame themselves for everything, even when they’ve had nothing to do with an unfortunate outcome.
- People who blam...
Why People Blame Themselves
This isn’t just false modesty or fishing for reassurance; some people do believe that they cause every bad thing all or most of the time.
Blaming yourself when something goes wrong might, relates to a general tendency to make internal attributions for failure in which you see yourself as inept, foolish, or irresponsible. That tendency might motivate you to attribute your successes to external factors, such as fate, chance or luck, as well.
Blame And Consequence
Theoretically, anyone who intentionally practices an immoral act is culpable regardless of the consequences. But in most cases, people sign up for what is called “moral luck”.
Moral luck is the belief that you should hold someone to blame only if the action causes harm to others, not for their intent, and according to it, those whose actions bring harm are more culpable.
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