<ul><li>Various ancient civilizations and cultures independently discovered different ink techniques for writing. </li><li>However, the Indians were the first to use carbon pigments, in the so-called musi ink. </li><li>This technique was already widely used in southern India in the fourth century BC.</li></ul>

9. Ink

Nobel Prize winner Guglielmo Marconi whose predecessor in connection with the development of wireless telegraphy was the scientist Jagadish Chandra Bose, who conducted a public demonstration of microwave transmission in Calcutta in 1895.

5. Wireless Communication

<ul><li>Ayurvedic medicine is considered to be the oldest health science, originated in India about 5000 years ago. </li><li>Ayurveda literally means "science of life". It is a word with 2 Sanskrit roots – AYU, meaning “life”, and VEDA, “knowledge or science”.</li><li> Ayurveda originated in the Vedas, the oldest literature in the world.</li></ul>

11. Ayurveda

<ul><li>Until the discovery of diamond mines in Brazil, in the 18th century, and for more than 5000 years ago, central India was the only source of diamonds in the world.</li></ul>

8. Diamond Mines

The Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft was the first to prove the existence of water on the Moon, in September 2009. The discovery of lunar water is attributed to the Chandrayaan mission.

14.Existence of Water on the Moon

<ul><li>The concept of zero as a number and not just as a symbol or an empty space of separation occurred in the ninth century BC, where it came to be used in calculus and arithmetic. </li><li>In the middle of the year 458, after Christ, the Indian astronomer and mathematician Aryabhata created the symbol for zero, and thanks to it, this number was recognized worldwide as a suitable digit.</li></ul>

. Zero

<ul><li>It is a physical and mental discipline that is practised by millions of people worldwide for living a healthy and peaceful life but not many know that Yoga was actually introduced by Indians. </li><li>The first forms of yoga would have taken place between 10,000 and 5,000 BC.</li></ul>

13. Yoga

<ul><li>A man with much praise, Ajay V. Bhatt an American-Indian computer architect made the USB, a small removable storage device that is capable of holding a large amount of storage and data transfer and is easy to carry and use. </li><li>The USB port he developed was adapted and developed by tech giants, such as Apple and Microsoft. Even so, he did not make a dime from his invention</li><li> Ajay said that he didn't want to do anything for money, but wanted to bring about change and innovation in technology.</li></ul>

12. The USB (Universal Serial Bus) 

<ul><li>The English word Shampoo is derived from the word chāmpo which comes from the Sanskrit word ‘Chapayati’, meaning massage or knead. </li></ul>It was initially used as a hair massage for the provincial governors of Bengal during the Mughal Empire of India, in 1762.

4. Shampoo

<ul><li>Buttons were used for the first time in Mohenjo-daro, the civilization of the Indus Valley, with an ornamental purpose 2000 BC About 5,000 years ago. </li><li>The first buttons were made of shells and had two holes in the middle</li></ul>

1. Buttons

<ul><li>Created under the name Chaturaṅga which translates as 'the four divisions', meaning infantry, cavalry, elephantry, and chariotry, represented by the pieces that would evolve into the modern pawn, knight, bishop, and rook during the Gupta Empire in the 6th century.</li></ul>

2. Chess

<ul><li>Fortune magazine named Narinder Singh Kapany an Indian-American physicist as one of the seven greatest unsung heroes of mankind for his invention of fibre optics. </li><li>He is also known as the ‘Father of Fiber Optics’ for his pioneering work in Fiber Optics technology.</li></ul>

10. Fiber optics

<ul><li>Made of ivory, the oldest ruler was discovered in the Indus Valley civilization and date back to the year 1500 BC. </li><li>The subdivisions of the decimal system are surprisingly accurate.</li><li> One such specimen was even calibrated to 1/16 of an inch—less than 2 millimetres.</li><li> These kinds of rulers were clearly very prominent, as even bricks of the valley’s buildings were found to follow the same measurements. </li></ul>

3. Ruler

<ul><li>Being one of the oldest civilizations in the world, India has rich history and culture as well as a long and solid scientific and technological tradition.</li><li> Thus, it is not surprising that India gave many important inventions to the world</li></ul>

Inventions In India Or By Indians!

<ul><li>Indian physician Sushruta was the first to surgically operate on cataracts, as early as the 6th century.</li><li> The fame was so wide that not only Chinese scientists, but also Greeks, travelled to India to get operations done and learn about their techniques. </li><li>The same doctor was a pioneer in cosmetic surgery, based on local practices, which dated back to 2000 BC</li></ul>

7. Cataract surgery and cosmetic surgery

Being one of the oldest civilizations in the world, it is not surprising that India gave many important inventions to the world. Here 15 most amazing inventions and discoveries that actually were invented in India or by Indians:

2. Chess

Similar ideas to 2. Chess

Chess is 'life in miniature'