How Search Engines Work

Search engines utilise web crawlers (also called spiders or bots) to crawl the web and fetch information about web pages. As they crawl each page, they index and store data such as page content, metadata, links and more. 

This indexed data is then processed by the search engine’s algorithm to determine the relevance and authority of each page for a given search query.

Pages that contain keywords and content closely matching the user’s intent are ranked higher in results.

Check the complete beginners guide to seo here!