The world would benefit from an organized effort from various disciplines to understand:

• How we should identify and train brilliant young people.
• How the most effective small groups exchange and share ideas.
• Which incentives should exist for participants in innovative ecosystems (scientists, entrepreneurs, managers, and engineers)
• How much organizations differ in productivity. One recent study found that teaching better management practices to firms in Italy improved productivity by 49 percent over 15 years compared with peer firms that didn’t receive the training.
• How scientists should be selected and funded. A recent paper concluded that long-term grants to high-potential scientists made those scientists 96 percent more likely to produce breakthrough work.