Equation explained
where Pext is the external pressure, and πΊV is the change in volume. A classic example of this is a piston. As heat is added to the cylinder, the pressure inside the cylinder increases. The piston then rises to relieve the pressure difference between the pressure inside the cylinder and the external pressure. By increasing the volume in the cylinder, the piston has just done work. Reference the picture below.
The sum of heat and work is the change in internal energy, Ξ U .
In an isolated system, q = β w . Therefore, Ξ U = 0 .
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