There is 2 types of elements when it comes to chemical reaction in our nature : Noble Gases , Reactive elements ( all of the other elements).<ul><li class="ql-align-justify">Noble Gases :</li></ul>The most stable elements which don't undergo any chemical reaction (at normal condition) with other elements or with each other.Because their outermost energy level is completely filled with electrons.Their molecules are mono-atomic such as (He,Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,Rn)<ul><li class="ql-align-justify">Reactive Elements :</li></ul>All other elements are reactive to some extent, they undergo chemical reactions to complete their outermost shell by accepting , losing , sharing electrons.

Must Known To Understand

The Valence electrons play an important role in the formation of the bonds. So the scientist G.N.Lewis introduced a simple method to represent the valence electrons by using dotsYou can open the picture to understand more about the steps.Resource: El moasser book

Lewis Electron-dot Symbols

Chemical Bonds Physical Bonds1. Ionic Bonds 1. Hydrogen Bond2. Coordinate bond 2. Metallic bond3. Covalent Bond:-<ul><li>pure covalent bond</li><li>Non-polar covalent bond</li><li>Polar covalent bond</li></ul>As you can see there are 7 bonds which I will explain in details in the next post . Hope you enjoyed my explanation and found it easy to understand.P.S "don't worry I am working on it and it will be posted later this month ;) "

Types Of Bonds

Some people find Chemistry so complicated and confusing . So I , as a passionate high school student about Chemistry , try at my best to clarify some basics with simple explanation.

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Learning & Education

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Science & Nature

The Chemical Reaction Concept

A quantum number is a value that is used when describing the energy levels available to atoms and molecules.It defines the exact position of electron in atom.photo owner: Universiteit Leiden

What Is A Quantum Number

There is four quantum numbers that are used to describe completely the movement and trajectories of each electron within an atom.<ol><li class="ql-align-justify">Principal</li><li class="ql-align-justify">Azimuthal</li><li class="ql-align-justify">Magnetic</li><li class="ql-align-justify">Spin</li></ol>photo owner: ThoughCo

Quantum Numbers

describe the energy of an electron and the most probable distance of the electron from the nucleus.To know the maximum amount of electron that an energy level can handle, Use this formula 2n² (does not include O , P , Q).photo owner: All About Circuits

Principal Quantum Numbers (n)

The azimuthal quantum number is a quantum number for an atomic orbital that determines its orbital angular momentum and describes the shape of the orbital.Every azimuthal number has his own capacity of electrons<ul><li>S(v=0) ==> 1 orb ==> 2 electrons</li><li>P(v=1) ==> 3 orbs ==> 6 electrons</li><li>D(v=2) ==> 5 orbs ==> 10 electrons</li><li>F(v=3) ==> 10 orbs ==>12 electrons</li></ul>Ps:open the photo to see the whole image. ((v = value))photo owner: Byju's

Azimuthal Quantum Numbers (ℓ)

Specifie the orientation in space of an orbital of a given energy (n) and shape (l). This number divides the subshell into individual orbitals which hold the electrons; there are 2l+1 orbitals in each subshell. Every orbital capacity is 2 electronsMagnetic values are {-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3}<ul><li>S ==> 1 orb ==> 0</li><li>P ==> 3 orbs ==> -1,0,1</li><li>D ==> 5 orbs ==> -2,-1,0,1,2</li><li>F ==> 7 orbs ==> -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3</li></ul>photo owner: unknown

Magnetic quantum Numbers (mℓ)

describe the angular momentum of an electron. An electron spins around an axis and has both angular momentum and orbital angular momentum. Because angular momentum is a vector, the Spin Quantum Number (s) has both a magnitude (½) and direction (+ or -)(+½) ===> in the direction of clock (-½) ===> against the direction of clockThe electrons take place in orbs in a specific way.Imagine the orbs like beds and electrons like persons. Every person tend to sleep alone in bed (+½) unless there is no bed left so the other person have to sleep upside down (-½).photo owner: Byju's

Spin Quantum Numbers (ms)

We have to define the exact place of the last electron for the element Neon¹⁰<ol><li>We have to configure the electrons 1s²,2s²,2p⁶</li><li>Now we focus on the last number 2p⁶</li></ol>• n (the number before the letter) = 2• ℓ ( = P ) = 13. We define P's orbitals2p⁶ ==> 3 orbs ==> 6 electronsEvery orb contains 2 electrons4. We have to define spin|(+½)¹ (-½)⁴|.|(+½)² (-½)⁵ |.|(+½)³ (-½)⁶|.-----[-1]------. -----[0]------. -----[1]------The order of spin is marked on top of the electron¹• mℓ (last electron place) = 1• ms = -½Hope you enjoy the explanation :)See you in the next post 👋.

Practice 

A total of four quantum numbers are used to describe completely the movement and trajectories of each electron within an atom. The combination of all quantum numbers of all electrons in an atom is …

Quantum Numbers for Atoms

Imagine yourself walking into a pizzeria to buy a delicious pizza.A pizzeria sells many kinds of pizzas.and serves for each kind three different sizes (small-medium-large)To remember all these data , the owner arranged kinds , sizes and prices in a respective way in a table (or The Menu) .In this case, the menu is our matrix.

Matrices simplified

In mathematics, a matrix (plural matrices) is a rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns.<ul><li>The size of a matrix is defined by the number of rows and columns that it contains. A matrix with m rows and n columns is called an m × n matrix.</li><li>while m and n are called its dimensions .</li></ul>The dimensions of the following matrix are 3x3 because there are three rows and three columns.N.B: <ul><li> i describes the number of the row</li><li> j describes the number of the column</li></ul>

What is a Matrix ?

Introduction to Matrices | Boundless Algebra

The law of Conservation of Energy refers to an isolated system in which there is no net change in energy and where energy is neither created nor destroyed. Although there is no change in energy, energy can change forms, for example from potential to kinetic energy. In other words, potential energy (V) and kinetic energy (T) sum to a constant total energy (E) for a specific isolated system.E = T + V Another way that energy can change forms is heat (q) and work (w). As heat is applied to a closed system, the system does work by increasing its volume.w = P e x t Δ V

Thermochemistry basics

where Pext is the external pressure, and 🔺V is the change in volume. A classic example of this is a piston. As heat is added to the cylinder, the pressure inside the cylinder increases. The piston then rises to relieve the pressure difference between the pressure inside the cylinder and the external pressure. By increasing the volume in the cylinder, the piston has just done work. Reference the picture below.The sum of heat and work is the change in internal energy, Δ U .In an isolated system, q = − w . Therefore, Δ U = 0 .

Equation explained

In quantum mechanics, the equation<ul><li>H^ψn=Enψn </li></ul>Where,<ul><li>E = the energy corresponding to a wave function</li><li>V = the potential</li><li>H^ = the Hamiltonian operator</li></ul>The equation is analogous to the equation:E=T+V

The Chemical Reaction Concept

Quantum Numbers for Atoms

Introduction to Matrices | Boundless Algebra

Conservation of Energy

Ziad Mohsen