"The Hunger Games" has unquestionably grabbed the globe by storm, first via the novels and later through the movie. The fact that this series was aimed towards a younger audience hasn't stopped individuals of all ages, both men and women, from plunging straight into the plot. They feel a personal connection to the characters.

The Important Life Lessons We Learned From 'The Hunger Games'

She is well aware that her sister will not survive the Hunger Games. She must volunteer as a tribute to preserve her life as her older sister. In life, you must know when to hold your ground and when to yield. All partnerships center around sacrifice. This principle holds true regardless of whether they are personal friendships, familial ties, or intimate partnerships. You need to show others how important they are to you, and sacrificing on your goals and wishes demonstrates how much you respect them.

Sacrifice is the bedrock of adulthood.

At the end of the day, you are totally responsible for your own survival. You must understand what you need in order to struggle and thrive. What works for one person may not (and most likely will not) work for you. It is never a certainty to journey through life with a partner, no matter how great and reassuring it seems. The only guarantees in life are you and the information you've gathered through time.

Your existence will be ensured through self-sufficiency.

For some reason, many believe that seeking assistance is a show of weakness. This can be traced back to cultural perfectionist expectations. The assumption that you should be able to subsist solely on your own efforts is both unrealistic and useless. Having this perspective would only keep you from achieving your objectives. Examine the facts of your situation: Do you truly require assistance? Is your ego the only thing keeping you from asking for help? No matter how self-conscious you are about asking for help, it is occasionally required.

There’s nothing wrong with getting a little bit of help.

This lesson will help you guide to the right path of your path just like Katniss and Peeta did

"The Hunger Games" has undeniably taken the world by storm, first by the novels and then by the films. The fact that this series targeted a younger audience has not deterred people of all ages, both men and women, from diving right into the…

personaldevelopment

Personal Development

motivationandinspiration

Motivation & Inspiration

communication

Communication

Microbes/micro-organisms are mostly microscopic creatures that are placed in different groups such bacteria, fungi, protozoa, micro-algae, and viruses. Microbes live in familiar settings such as soil, water, food, and animal intestines, as well as in more extreme settings such as rocks, glaciers, hot springs, and deep-sea vents.

🦠 Microbes/micro-organisms 

Men used some of microbial diversity in the production of fermented foods such as bread, yogurt, and cheese. Some soil microbes release nitrogen that plants need for growth and emit gases that maintain the critical composition of the Earth's atmosphere.Other microbes challenge the food supply by causing yield-reducing diseases in food-producing plants and animals. In our bodies, different microbes help to digest food, ward off invasive organisms, and engage in fights and battles with the human immune system in the give-and-take of the natural disease process.

📖 Benefits of microbes

A genome is the totality of genetic material in the DNA of a particular organism. Genomes differ greatly in size and sequence across different organisms.

📚 Genomes

Obtaining the complete genome sequence of a microbe provides crucial information about its biology, but it is only the first step toward understanding a microbe's biological capabilities and modifying them leads to breakthroughs such as improved vaccines and better disease-diagnostic tools, improved microbial agents for biological control of plant and animal pests, modifications of plant and animal pathogens for reduced virulence, development of new industrial substances and fermentation organisms, and development of new microbial agents for bioremediation of contaminated soil and water.

📖 Benefits of genomes

Use of microbes is an important area that promotes for advances in food safety, food security, value-added products, human nutrition and functional foods, plant and animal protection, and overall fundamental research in the different field of sciences.

📖 Conclusion 

This idea will help you to analyze the function and used of genome and microorganisms in our society. Thus, we will have a knowledge to differentiate the meaning of those

The Book Comprehensively Covers The Syllabus Of B.Sc. Biotechnology-2 And Clearly Explains The Basic Concepts In Cell Biology, Genetics And Microbiology. A Molecular Approach To The Study Of Cells Is Followed Throughout The Book. The Text Is Illustrated By A Large Number Of Clearly Drawn Diagrams For An Easier Understanding Of The Subject. Each Chapter Closes With A Summary And A Set Of Review Questions.

books

Books

scienceandnature

Science & Nature

R. S. Setty

Biotechnology - Ii : Including Cell Biology, Genetics, Microbiology

An earthquake is the shaking of the ground caused by the sudden release of energy in the form of waves called seismic waves. The location in the Earth’s surface where the earthquake starts is called the hypocenter or also known as focus. The surface directly above the focus is called epicenter. Seismic waves from earthquakes are used by scientists to study what our planet Earth is actually made up of.(Please see the figure above for clear details)

📚What Is Seismic Waves Exactly?

The Earth is divided into three layers: the Crust, the Mantle, and the Core. The crust is the Earth's outermost, thinnest, rocky layer, where we live. The layer beneath the crust is known as the mantle. It is the thickest and is primarily composed of semi-molten rock known as magma. This granite is hard in the upper mantle, but as it descends, it begins to dissolve and become softer. The core is the hottest layer and is separated into two parts: the outer core, which is liquid, and the inner core, which is solid. (Please see the figure above for clear details)

Layers Of Earth 🌎

Seismic waves move at different speeds depending on the materials they are encountering. Earthquakes cause different types of seismic waves: BODY WAVES and SURFACE WAVES. The surface waves can only travel through Earth’s surface while body waves, on the other hand, can travel through the inner layers of the Earth.

Different Types of Seismic Waves 🌊

Waves travelling through Earth’s surface are the surface waves. The surface waves are the slowest travelling seismic waves and arrive after the body waves. They are responsible for the damage and destruction related with earthquakes. There are two types of surface waves: LOVE WAVES and RAYLEIGH WAVES. The love waves are the fastest surface waves and cause the ground to move from side to side while Rayleigh waves are the slowest of the seismic waves and cause the ground to roll like ocean wave.(Please see the figure above for clear details)

📍Two types of surface waves

There are two types of body waves. The first type of body wave is the P (Primary) wave. P waves are the fastest travelling seismic wave, push and pull the materials they encounter, the first wave you feel in an earthquake and can move through solids and liquids.The second type of body wave is the S (Secondary) wave. S waves move slower than P waves but faster than the surface waves, move the materials they encounter up and down, arrive after the P waves and can move only through solids.(Please see the figure above for clear details)

📍Two Types of Body Waves

The waves of energy that travel through the Earth because of earthquakes enable scientists to tell us a lot about the internal structure of the Earth. Seismic waves move at different speeds when they travel through different types of materials they are encountering. As the body waves travel through the Earth, the waves are bent by the different materials that make up the Earth. The bending of waves is similar to the bending of light waves as they travel through a prism.

⚡️Waves of Energy

These ideas I’ve made had become a profound significance in the learning of education. To be prepared and sum up all what we learned is what we need when calamities strike in our country 📖

When an earthquake occurs, the shockwaves of released energy that shake the Earth and temporarily turn soft deposits, such as clay, into jelly (liquefaction) are called seismic waves, from the Greek ‘seismos’ meaning ‘earthquake’. Seismic waves are usually generated by movements of the Earth’s tectonic plates but may also be caused by explosions, volcanoes and landslides.

Seismic waves

Plastic pollution creating microplastics is a growing concern for human health as emerging studies find them everywhere from drinking water to in fish, seafood and birds. Last year, the World Health Organization urgently called for more research into the health impacts of microplastics and a crack down on plastic pollution.

Microplastic particles are now detectable in human organs🤔

Now another <a href="https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/newsreleases/2020/august/micro-and-nanoplastics-detectable-in-human-tissues.html">new study </a>presented yesterday at the American Chemical Society (ACS) Fall 2020 Virtual Meeting has found evidence of chemicals from plastics inside human organs and developed a new method for detecting microplastics in human tissue samples.

Evidence of a new study💡

Scientists define microplastics as plastic fragments less than 5 mm, about 0.2 inches (D). Much previous research on microplastics and nanoplastics have focused on its accumulation and effects in marine life, with <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40572-018-0206-z">particular focus on seafood </a>that human's consume. Microplastics have been associated with <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969719346169">neurotoxic effects in wild fish </a>and increase oxidative damage which can theoretically lead to a greater risk of cancer.

📌Specific definition of microplastics 

Humans <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/22/microplastics-found-in-human-stools-for-the-first-time">do ingest microplastics </a>and they do at least pass through the digestive system as evidenced by the finding that they were widely found in fecal samples from people all over the world. Very little is known about whether they go elsewhere in the body after ingestion or what health effects they have.

Will wearing gloves help you to protect from Coronavirus?

Human tissue samples from a large repository which was set up to study neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and developed a new method to test the samples for plastics. They artificially spiked the samples with microplastics to test their new method and were able to detect the plastics.

📢Sample of ideacy 

The scientists tested 47 tissue samples from 4 different organs, finding a chemical used to make some plastics in every one. 

health

Health

Plastic Component Found In Human Organs

For the first time, a hurricane has been detected in Earth's upper atmosphere. Satellites recorded a huge flowing swirl of plasma extending high into the magnetosphere that lasted for hours before dispersing.Although we've never seen anything like this before, its detection suggests that space hurricanes, as they are known could be a common planetary phenomenon.

‘Space Hurricane‘ detected in the North Pole for the first time

According to the data, the hurricane appeared over the North Pole, extending to a diameter of 1,000 kilometres (621 miles). It reached from 110 kilometres to 860 kilometres in altitude, and consisted of plasma with multiple spiral arms, swirling in an anticlockwise direction at speeds up to 2,100 metres per second (6,900 feet per second).

Facts about Space Hurricane🌀

Unlike other hurricanes, however, the space hurricane rained electrons into the ionosphere. This had a stunning effect: a huge, cyclone-shaped aurora below the hurricane. The whole thing lasted nearly eight hours, depositing vast amounts of energy and momentum into the ionosphere.

Comparison to other Hurricane

A rain of charged particles into the ionosphere from the solar wind is what usually produces glowing green aurorae at Earth's higher latitudes but solar conditions at the time were relatively quiet. So the team turned to modelling to determine what caused the plasma ruckus.

Plasma Ruckus


For the first time, a hurricane has been detected in Earth's upper atmosphere. In 2014, satellites recorded a huge flowing swirl of plasma extending high into the magnetosphere that lasted for hours before dispersing.

For The First Time, A 'Space Hurricane' Has Been Detected Over The North Pole

Scientists have invented a new product that can encourage tooth enamel to grow back, which means we could finally have a game-changing way to treat dental cavities. It is based on peptides - short chains of amino acids, linked by peptide bonds, that aren't long enough to be considered full proteins.

New dental treatment may heal tooth cavities without any filling

It is produced by a type of cell called an ameloblast. These secrete the proteins that form enamel while the tooth is still in the gum. Unfortunately, once the process of forming tooth enamel is complete and the tooth has emerged, our ameloblasts die off. But we continue to lose enamel throughout our lifetime.

Tooth enamel

To a small extent, our teeth can bed <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002817714638794">with the help</a> remineralise<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002817714638794"> of saliva</a>, fluoride toothpaste and <a href="http://www.who.int/oral_health/publications/2016_prevention_dental_caries_through_use_fluoride.pdf?ua=1">drinking water additives</a>. But once there's a visible cavity on the tooth, it needs to be treated by a dentist - which usually means drilling, and packing the hole with a dental filling. To develop their new treatment, the team turned to one of the proteins produced by ameloblasts.

Our teeth can be remineralised?

They applied it to dental lesions in a laboratory setting and found that it helped form a new mineralised layer to the demineralised areas, integrating it with the enamel underneath. They also treated similar lesions with fluoride, but only the peptide treatment resulted in the remineralisation of a relatively thick layer - resembling the structure of healthy enamel.

📌Procedure


Scientists have invented a new product that can encourage tooth enamel to grow back, which means we could finally have a game-changing way to treat dental cavities.

This New Treatment Could Heal Tooth Cavities Without Any Fillings

A new wearable device turns the touch of a finger into a source of power for small electronics and sensors. Engineers at the University of California San Diego developed a thin, flexible strip that can be worn on a fingertip and generate small amounts of electricity when a person's finger sweats or presses on it.

New device turns sweat into energy😱

It generates power even while the wearer is asleep or sitting still. This is potentially a big deal for the field of wearables because researchers have now figured out how to harness the energy that can be extracted from human sweat even when a person is not moving.

They have special power?

The device also generates extra power from light finger presses--so activities such as typing, texting, playing the piano or tapping in Morse code can also become sources of energy.It derives most of its power from sweat produced by the fingertips, which are 24-hour factories of perspiration. It's a little-known fact that the fingertips are one of the sweatiest spots on the body.

Interesting facts🌻

The device is a thin, flexible strip that can be wrapped around the fingertip like a Band-Aid. A padding of carbon foam electrodes absorbs sweat and converts it into electrical energy. The electrodes are equipped with enzymes that trigger chemical reactions between lactate and oxygen molecules in sweat to generate electricity.

How it works?

A new wearable device turns the touch of a finger into a source of power for small electronics and sensors. Engineers at the University of California San Diego developed a thin, flexible strip that can be worn on a fingertip and generate small amounts of electricity when a person's finger sweats or presses on it. What's special about this sweat-fueled device is that it generates power even while the wearer is asleep or sitting still.

Calling all couch potatoes: This finger wrap can let you power electronics while you sleep

Viscous flow features, including lobate debris aprons and lineated valley fill, are common ice-related features found across the mid-latitudes of Mars. These features are commonly found along the dichotomy boundary and around massifs where snow and ice can accumulate and flow to topographic lows during periods of higher obliquity.

Glaciers discovered on Mars could help humans settle on 🧐

Three sinuous features show surface morphologies and supporting spectral properties indicative of massive buried ice, including distinct boundaries, arcuate and linear banding, deep radar reflections, dielectric constants similar to water-ice, expanded secondary craters, and proximity to lobate debris aprons.

Arcadia Planitia✨

It appear to be channelized ice that once flowed but currently reside in a flat-lying region. Although their origin is unclear, we consider an interpretation analogous to stagnated terrestrial ice streams due to a lack of obvious topographic dependence. The abundant evidence of widespread near-surface ice in a flat-lying lower mid-latitude region of Mars makes Arcadia Planitia a potentially favorable site for future missions due to the high potential for in situ resource utilization.

Sinuous features🤔

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UW-Madison professor Xudong Wang holds a fracture electrostimulation device he and his lab designed. When placed over a fracture, the device generates electricity from movement, accelerating bone healing. Researchers know that electricity can help speed up bone healing, but “zapping” fractures has never really caught on, since it requires surgically implanting and removing electrodes powered by an external source.

Self-powered device induces quick healing of injured bones🧐

It may help many others by making electrostimulation a much more convenient option to speed up bone healing.His thin, flexible device is self-powered, implantable and bioresorbable—so once the bone is knitted back together, the device’s components dissolve within the body.

Benefits🌻

Bone is a piezoelectric material, meaning it produces a tiny bit of electricity when placed under strain. These jolts of electricity stimulate factors that promote bone growth and healing, which is why electrostimulation is an effective therapy.While there are external stimulators that create an electric field to accelerate healing indirectly, the ideal solution is stimulating the bone directly.

Knowledge 🤔

Those implanted with the device completely recovered from a tibia fracture in about six weeks, much more quickly than animals in a control group. The mineral density and flexural strength of the healed bones also reached the same level as healthy bones in the animals that received the electrostimulation. After the treatment, the devices degraded and absorbed into the rats’ bodies with no complications and no need for surgical removal.

Healed Bones📢

Self-powered implantable device stimulates fast bone healing, then disappears without a trace - College of Engineering - University of Wisconsin-Madison

A neutron star is a stellar corpse with a mass equal to a few suns packed into a space no more than 12 miles across. Black holes are even denser objects, so dense that matter and even light can't escape once inside their spheres of invisible influence.Scientists have long suspected collisions between these objects are common.

Black holes can swallow neutron stars in a single bite🧐

The black hole might have swallowed the bulk of the neutron star in one gulp, while the other chunks were consumed in the hours that followed. Each bite generated radiation.The two objects would smash, instantly form a black hole, and after a modest afterglow no more light would be seen, the astronomers theorize.Colliding black holes likewise should not generate much afterglow.

The afterglows are an important clue😱

A distant eruption of high-energy gamma rays is evidence for a black hole swallowing another dense object called a neutron star, astronomers announced today.

The Important Life Lessons We Learned From 'The Hunger Games'

Biotechnology - Ii : Including Cell Biology, Genetics, Microbiology

Seismic waves

Plastic Component Found In Human Organs

For The First Time, A 'Space Hurricane' Has Been Detected Over The North Pole

IdeaAcademy🌙