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DANIEL KAHNEMAN

We can't live in a state of perpetual doubt, so we make up the best story possible and we live as if the story were true.

DANIEL KAHNEMAN

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Who Is Daniel Kahneman

Who Is Daniel Kahneman

Daniel Kahneman was a Nobel Prize winning psychologist, economist and an author of best-selling books such as “Thinking Fast & Slow”. Also, Daniel Kahneman was a professor of psychology at Princeton University. He is also someone who took pleasure in admitting his mistakes and working towards improving his beliefs.

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Two Systems Of Thinking Govern Our Behaviour

Two Systems Of Thinking Govern Our Behaviour

Do you know that even the single stream of thoughts we usually have is governed by two parallel cognitive systems which Daniel Kahneman calls System 1 and System 2.

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System 1: The Faster One

System 1: The Faster One

System 1 is fast, automatic and emotional. It helps us recall 2 x 2 = 4 on the go. With System 1, your brain helps you make quick decisions in your everyday life.

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System 2: The Slower One

System 2: The Slower One

System 2 is deliberate, slow and logical. It helps you solve complex problems. With System 2, your brain produce thinking that helps you understand problems, figure out the reasoning and then solve it.

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DANIEL KAHNEMAN

Expert intuition strikes us as magical, but it is not. Each of us performs feats of intuitive expertise many times each day.

DANIEL KAHNEMAN

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System 1 Forms Patterns And System 2 Helps Make Sense Of Them

System 1 Forms Patterns And System 2 Helps Make Sense Of Them

System 1 is focused on identifying patterns and associations in our environment. It then stores these patterns in memory where the System 2 takes hold of these patterns and tries to make sense of it. Also, once System 1 adds these impressions and associations to our memory, it becomes beliefs in our memory.

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System 1 Is More Prone Towards Cognitive Biases

System 1 Is More Prone Towards Cognitive Biases

As quoted earlier, intuition is a process built upon the set of unconscious biases collected and gathered over our lives. Even though System 1 may be looked down upon due to its susceptibility towards biases, it is the one that has always helped us survive due to its approach to making decisions quickly. When in life-threatening situation, System 1 helps us make quick decisions that helps us get out of those situations. Such as hearing a distant voice in the dark heightens our senses and help us perceive the danger.

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DANIEL KAHNEMAN

System 2 believes itself to be where the action is, but system 1 is the secret author of many of the choices and judgements you make.

DANIEL KAHNEMAN

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System 2 Is Normally On Rest Mode

System 2 Is Normally On Rest Mode

Unlike System 1, system 2 is often on the rest mode and only activates when there is a complex problem or something that has not been stored in our memory. Also, as system 1 governs the quick decisions, it helps us identify mistakes in others’ behaviour in everyday life. For example, the halo effect is where we perceive a person’s character based on their first impression. That is why a handsome, charming person is often perceived as someone who is intelligent, successful and having good manners. However, this thinking is of course flawed.

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DANIEL KAHNEMAN

The confidence that individuals have in their beliefs depends mostly on the quality of the story they can tell about what they see, even if they see little.

DANIEL KAHNEMAN

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Our Brain Wants To Save Energy

Our Brain Wants To Save Energy

Mostly, our brains want to save energy and therefore would always want to make quick decisions even if it risks making the wrong call. However, as system 1 cannot always solve the big problems, it will call system 2 in action where the system 2 then does the reasoning to solve the problem.

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DANIEL KAHNEMAN

Changing one's mind about human nature is hard work, and changing one's mind for the worse about oneself is even harder.

DANIEL KAHNEMAN

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Two Different Selves

Two Different Selves

System 1 is a different self where it helps us form memories that we use to draw our self from. System 2, on the other hand, is different self because it evaluates the present and past information to make a decision. However, as the system 1 is not always reliable, we need to refine our thinking process to be able to make sense of situations. For example, a consistency in events may be a better indicator of identifying a certain behaviour rather than relying on the past information from our memory. You should know, however, that is not easy for us to change our behaviour even in face of stats.

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DANIEL KAHNEMAN

Even compelling causal statistics will not change long-held beliefs or beliefs rooted in personal experience.

DANIEL KAHNEMAN

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TALHA MUMTAZ

And lastly, I truly agree that making our decisions based on certain appearances or short meeting may not be enough to get a real idea about anyone’s personality. You need to be able to find the consistencies in the behaviour to be able to form a true opinion.

TALHA MUMTAZ

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IDEAS CURATED BY

talhamumtaz

Today's readers, tomorrow's leaders. I explain handpicked books designed to transform you into leaders, C-level executives, and business moguls.

CURATOR'S NOTE

Learn how our cognitive systems drive our behaviours and help with decision making. Discover the system 1 and system 2 thinking and how unconscious biases leads to building our beliefs about the world.

Curious about different takes? Check out our Thinking, Fast and Slow Summary book page to explore multiple unique summaries written by Deepstash users.

Different Perspectives Curated by Others from Thinking, Fast and Slow

Curious about different takes? Check out our book page to explore multiple unique summaries written by Deepstash curators:

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