Veins and arteries are major players in the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/circulatory-system">circulatory system </a>of all <a href="https://www.britannica.com/animal/vertebrate">vertebrates </a>. They work together to transport <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/blood-biochemistry">blood </a>throughout the body, helping to oxygenate and remove waste from every <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/cell-biology">cell </a>with each heartbeat. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/artery">Arteries </a>carry oxygenated blood from the heart, while <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/vein-blood-vessel">veins </a>carry oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart.

Veins vs. Arteries

<figure><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/s:800x1000/19/196819-050-8A1B5E4B/Diagram-human-heart.jpg" alt="Diagram showing human heart" width="425" height="341"><figcaption dir="auto">© blueringmedia/Fotolia</figcaption></figure>Veins and arteries are major players in the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/circulatory-system" dir="ltr">circulatory system</a> of all <a href="https://www.britannica.com/animal/vertebrate" dir="ltr">vertebrates</a>. They work together to transport <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/blood-biochemistry" dir="ltr">blood</a> throughout the body, helping to oxygenate and remove waste from every <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/cell-biology" dir="ltr">cell</a> with each heartbeat. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/artery" dir="ltr">Arteries</a> carry oxygenated blood from the heart, while <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/vein-blood-vessel" dir="ltr">veins</a> carry oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart. An easy mnemonic is "A for ‘artery’ and ‘away’ (from the heart)." (The exceptions to this general rule are the pulmonary vessels. The pulmonary veins transport oxygenated blood back to the heart from the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/lung" dir="ltr">lungs</a>, while the pulmonary arteries move deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.) As the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/blood-vessel" dir="ltr">vessels</a> that are closest to the heart, arteries must contend with intense physical pressure from the blood moving forcibly through them. They pulse with each heartbeat (which is why your <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/pulse-physiology" dir="ltr">pulse</a> is taken from an artery) and have thicker walls. Veins experience much less pressure but must contend with the forces of <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/gravity-physics" dir="ltr">gravity</a> to get blood from the extremities back to the heart. Many veins, especially those in the legs, have valves to prevent the backflow and pooling of blood. Although veins are often depicted as blue in medical diagrams and sometimes appear blue through pale skin, they are not actually blue in color. Light interacts with <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/human-skin" dir="ltr">skin</a> and deoxygenated blood, which is a darker shade of red, to reflect a blue tone. Veins seen during surgery or in cadavers look nearly identical to arteries.

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Veins and arteries are major players in the <a dir="ltr" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/circulatory-system">circulatory system </a>of all <a dir="ltr" href="https://www.britannica.com/animal/vertebrate">vertebrates </a>. They work together to transport <a dir="ltr" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/blood-biochemistry">blood </a>throughout the body, helping to oxygenate and remove waste from every <a dir="ltr" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/cell-biology">cell </a>with each heartbeat. <a dir="ltr" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/artery">Arteries </a>carry oxygenated blood from the heart, while <a dir="ltr" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/vein-blood-vessel">veins </a>carry oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart. An easy mnemonic is "A for ‘artery’ and ‘away’ (from the heart)." (The exceptions to this general rule are the pulmonary vessels. The pulmonary veins transport oxygenated blood back to the heart from the <a dir="ltr" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/lung">lungs </a>, while the pulmonary arteries move deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.)

As the <a dir="ltr" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/blood-vessel">vessels </a>that are closest to the heart, arteries must contend with intense physical pressure from the blood moving forcibly through them. They pulse with each heartbeat (which is why your <a dir="ltr" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/pulse-physiology">pulse </a>is taken from an artery) and have thicker walls. Veins experience much less pressure but must contend with the forces of <a dir="ltr" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/gravity-physics">gravity </a>to get blood from the extremities back to the heart. Many veins, especially those in the legs, have valves to prevent the backflow and pooling of blood. Although veins are often depicted as blue in medical diagrams and sometimes appear blue through pale skin, they are not actually blue in color. Light interacts with <a dir="ltr" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/human-skin">skin </a>and deoxygenated blood, which is a darker shade of red, to reflect a blue tone. Veins seen during surgery or in cadavers look nearly identical to arteries.

What’s the Difference Between Veins and Arteries?

Veins vs. Arteries

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