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Scientific theory and law
A scientific theory or law represents a hypothesis that has been validated through repeated testing over many years.
- A theory is an explanation for a set of related phenomena, like the theory of evolution.
- The word "law" is often used to point to a specific mathematical equation that refers to the different elements within a theory. For example, Pascal's Law refers to the equation that describes the difference in pressure based on height.
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Occam's Razor
Occam's Razor is a principle of the scientific method. It states that "entities should not be multiplied beyond necessity." It means that where two hypotheses are presented and have equal predictive power, the most simple explanation that fits the available data is the preferred ...
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Scientific paradigms
Once a scientific theory is established, it is difficult to get the scientific community to abandon it.
Science philosopher Thomas Kuhn used the term scientific paradigm to explain a working set of concepts under which science operates. When one paradigm is overtur...
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Model
A model is used when the hypothesis has a known limitation on its validity.
For example, the Bohr model of the atom shows electrons circling the atomic nucleus in a similar way as planets in the solar system. The model is useful for establishing the energies of the quantum ...
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Hypothesis
A hypothesis is an initial statement regarding the cause and effect in a specific situation. It can be tested by experimentation and observation or by statistical analysis of probabilities from data. A useful hypothesis allows predictions by using deductive reasoning.
Somet...
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The difference between a hypothesis and a theory
A hypothesis is often the first step of the scientific method. It is a proposed and still-unproven explanation that can be tested through experiments and observations.
In science, a theory is a widely accepted idea backed by data, observ...
The Law of Conservation Energy
According to the law of conservation of energy, the total energy of a system remains constant through the energy that may change into another form.
Moreover, energy is something that cannot be created not destroyed, it simply is. Energy can change forms and is als...
Mathematics of motivation
When Ivan Pavlov and his dogs led to the discovery of learned behaviour through repeated exposure, and Edward Thorndike discovered the Law of Effect that stated that rewarded behaviours tended to increase, many psychologists were impelled to separate psychology from armchair introspection and
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