Reflect back on what you’ve heard

The best listeners aren’t just statues absorbing information — they also know what to say and when to say it.  

• Posing clarifying or open-ended questions says to the other person you’re paying attention and encourages them to elaborate. It can also help them gain new insights and explore avenues they haven’t previously thought of. 
• Summarize. Periodically paraphrasing the other person’s message can help make them feel seen and heard and build trust.
• Listen without judgment. This means being accepting of their beliefs, values, and experiences, even when they’re different from your own.