Emotions can be regarded as automatic judgements about our environment. For instance, anger and fear promote defensive reactions (fight or flight in the face of a threat) to improve our chances of survival; lust fuels sexual activity; and pleasure provides positive reinforcem...

• For humans, rats, and all animals , the desire and motivation to pursue sex arise largely from a neurochemical called dopamine.
• Dopamine amps up the centerpiece of the primitive part of the brain—the reward system. It’s where we experience cravings and pleasu...

Humans have an inborn, universal need for comfort, security, care and for being attached to someone. During our childhood, we are comforted and protected by the older and wiser adults, which shape our minds.

Early interactions with caregivers can dramatically affect your bel...