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Psychologies always try to describe and explain the human mind and behavior. The different schools of psychology represent the major theories within the field of psychological science. The main schools of psychology are:
- Structuralism
- Functionalism
- Gestalt
- Behaviorism
- Psychoanalysis
- Humanism
- Cognitivism.
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STRUCTUTALISM
Major thinkers associated with Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchener
This outlook focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components. The focus of structuralism was on reducing mental processes down into their most basic elements. The structurali...
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HUMANISM
Major thinkers associated with: Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, and Clark Moustakas
Humanistic psychology focus on helping people achieve and fulfill their potential. Humanistic psychology focused on topics such as: Becoming a fully functioning person, Individual fre...
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FUNCTIONALISM
Major thinkers associated with: William James
It functioned on the mind's functions and adaptations. Instead of focusing on the mental processes themselves, functionalist thinkers were interested in the role that these processes play.
Gaining a better unders...
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PSYCHOANALYSIS
Major thinkers associated with: Sigmund Freud, Anna Freud and Otto Rank, and neo-Freudians such as Erik Erikson, Alfred Adler, and Karen Horney
The human mind was composed of three elements, which their interaction led to all of the complex human behaviors:
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COGNITIVISM
Major thinkers associated with: Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky
Cognitive psychology is the school of psychology that studies mental processes, including how people think, perceive, remember and learn. This branch of psychology is related to other disciplines such as neu...
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GESTALT
Major thinkers associated with: Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Köhler, and Kurt Koffka
Instead of breaking down thoughts and behavior to their smallest elements, the gestalt psychologists believed that you must look at the whole of experience. According to Gestalt thinke...
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BEHAVIORISM
Major thinkers associated with: John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B. F. Skinner
Behaviorism suggests that all behavior can be explained by environmental causes rather than by internal forces. Behaviorism is focused on observable behavior.
(This school have si...
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Psychology always try to understand human minds and behaviors
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Other curated ideas on this topic:
When Psychology Became A Separate Scientific Discipline
When psychology developed as a science that was separate from biology and philosophy, they did not know how to describe the human mind and behaviour.
Different schools of psychology emerged that represent major theories within psychology. At first, psychologists identified...
Functionalism
William James was one of the major American psychologists during the mid to late 1800s.
- His classic textbook "The Principles of Psychology" became the standard text in psychology and served for the basis of functionalism.
- Functionalism was about how behavior works to help pe...
Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive revolution took hold in psychology during the 1950s and 1960s and began to replace psychoanalysis and behaviorism as the main approach to the study of psychology. Psychologists were more concerned with what was going on inside the mind.
Since then, cognitive psyc...
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