Break Down Complex Issues: Divide larger problems into smaller, manageable parts for deeper analysis.

Define the Problem Clearly: Always start by defining what you’re solving. This sharpens focus.

Separate Facts from Opinions: Critical thinking hinges on distinguishing evidence-based facts from subjective views.

Analyze from Multiple Perspectives: Seeing a problem from diverse angles reveals overlooked solutions.

Ask Better Questions: Frame questions to unlock more profound insights, challenging surface-level observations.

Focus on Solutions, Not Symptoms: Targeting root causes leads to lasting solutions rather than short-term fixes.

Use Data Wisely: Ground decisions in reliable data, but interpret with context.

Communicate Clearly: Explain reasoning effectively to ensure others understand your decisions.

Reflect on Past Decisions: Regular review of past choices helps refine and improve your critical thinking skills.

Map Out Decision-Making Processes: Clear steps in decision-making improve transparency and consistency.

Adopt a Long-Term View: Think about how decisions impact the future, not just immediate needs.

Develop Decision-Making Models: Create frameworks that guide consistent and efficient choices.

Question Assumptions: Challenge assumptions behind decisions to ensure accuracy and avoid pitfalls.

Consider Potential Consequences: Weigh risks and rewards to predict potential impacts.

Collaborate for Diverse Insights: Working with others brings fresh perspectives and uncovers biases.

Recognize Cognitive Biases: Be aware of biases like confirmation bias that can cloud judgment.

Seek Contradictory Evidence: Look for information that opposes your beliefs, sharpening your critical edge.

Use Logic Over Emotion: Emotional decision-making can obscure facts; rely on logical reasoning.

Challenge Conventional Wisdom: Don’t accept “how it’s always been done”; think innovatively.

Be Willing to Adapt: Stay flexible to adjust to new information and changing circumstances.

Master the art of smart decision-making with critical thinking insights from HBR’s essential guide.

Tackle complex situations with critical thinking.You're facing a problem at work. There are many ways you can approach the situation, but each comes with its own pros and cons. How do you sort through all the information so that you know you're taking the right path?The answer is in how you think. The HBR Guide to Critical Thinking will help you navigate your most challenging issues, from difficult problems to tough decisions to complex scenarios. By carefully observing the situation, gathering information, inviting other perspectives, and analyzing what's in front of you, you can move forward with confidence while building this crucial leadership skill.You'll learn how to:<ul><li>Question your assumptions</li><li>Keep an open mind to opposing viewpoints</li><li>Sidestep cognitive biases</li><li>Use data—when appropriate</li><li>Grow comfortable with ambiguity</li><li>Find innovative and creative solutions</li></ul>Arm yourself with the advice you need to succeed on the job, with the most trusted brand in business. Packed with how-to essentials from leading experts, the HBR Guides provide smart answers to your most pressing work challenges.

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Question Long-Held Assumptions