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What's Your Intelligence Type? | Science of People
Existential - Life Smart
Some people have deep insights about life and the universe, being able to talk about existential stuff, evolution, human species and the meaning of life.
Such ‘life-smarts can be great authors, philosophers, writers and motivational speakers.
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Multiple Intelligences
Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner described nine different types of intelligence in his book Frames Of Mind: The Theory Of Multiple Intelligences.
Each ‘type’ of intelligence can be an area of strength to a certain degree, where one excels. Everyone scores differently in this and has different levels of each type of intelligence.
Naturist - Nature Smart
There are people who find nature to be meditative and feel closely connected to trees, rivers and flowers. The natural elements around them like the clouds and the universe attracts them.
They make great astronomers, botanists, geologists and landscape architects.
Interpersonal - People Smart
Some people love interacting with friends, family and colleagues. They understand body language, and communicate better and are sensitive to others feelings, perspectives and viewpoints. This super-important intelligence type can be applied to most careers.
Interpersonal Intelligence types can have great careers as managers, psychologists, teachers and social workers.
Musical - Sound Smart
Many people have an enhanced musical sensitivity, being able to understand and differentiate between pitch, rhythm, timbre, and tone.
They can be great music conductors, composers, music teachers, and DJs.
Logical-Mathematical - Number/Reasoning Smart
Some people are numbers-oriented. They love figures and are easily able to think quantitatively and symbolically. They are great at sequential reasoning, abstract thinking and inductive/deductive thought patterns.
Logical-mathematical intelligence types can be great economists, scientists, analysts, auditors and accountants.
Bodily-Kinesthetic - Body Smart
The physical body is easily understood and handled by some people. They can dance well, use their hands to create things and have a great understanding of kinetics.
They are good at careers requiring body activity like a fitness coach, actor, athlete or physical therapist.
Spatial - Picture Smart
Mazes and jigsaw puzzles draw some people towards them. These are the spatial intelligence types, who have great graphical skills, an active imagination, along with mental imagery and spatial reasoning abilities. They can understand blueprints with ease, and have an ability to think in 3D.
Career options for spatial intelligence types can be a graphic artist, engineer, photographer and pilot.
Linguistic - Word Smart
Some people are masters of language. They can learn multiple languages, write great poetry, prose or speeches. They can communicate well and explain complex meaning. This universal type of intelligence is found in journalists, public speakers and writers.
Radio jockeys, politicians, TV hosts, and lawyers are great careers for linguistic intelligence types.
Intra-Personal - Self Smart
Some people go inward and are able to understand their own thoughts, fears, desires and emotions. They can ‘witness’ oneself and others and have a deeper level of human understanding.
Psychologists, spiritual leaders and Gurus are examples of people with high intrapersonal intelligence.
Being Intelligent
Most of us think of intelligence in a one-dimensional way, that is thrust upon us in our formative years. Excellence in academia, passing IQ tests and the ability to retain facts and figures in our memory is generally considered the definition of intelligence.
In the past few decades, this has completely changed, with intelligence now being considered as a learned skill, having multiple dimensions and variety.
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There is no standard definition of intelligence
Present approaches suggest that intelligence means having the capacity to:
- Learn from experience: this relates to the acquisition, retention, and use of knowledge.
History of the IQ (Intelligence Quotient)
- The term IQ was first formulated in the early 20th century by William Stern (a German psychologist).
- Psychologist Alfred Binet developed the first intelligence tests to help the French government identify kids who needed extra academic help.
- Although widely used, there continues to be debate and controversy over the use of such testing, cultural biases that may be involved, influences on intelligence, and even the very way we define intelligence.
General intelligence
Charles Spearman (British psychologist, 1863–1945) described a concept he referred to as general intelligence or the "g factor". He utilized the method named 'factor analysis' to investigate a few mental ability tests; his conclusion was that the results and scores on these tests were very similar:
People who did well on one cognitive test usually performed well on other tests, while those who performed badly on one test usually scored badly on others. Spearman concluded that intelligence is a general cognitive ability that can be measured and numerically expressed.
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Emotional Intelligence( EQ/EI)
Is the measure of an individual’s abilities to recognise and manage their emotions, and the emotions of other people, both individually and in groups.
Benefits of a higher EQ
- Ease in forming and maintaining interpersonal relationships and in ‘fitting in’ to group situations.
- A better understanding one's own psychological state, which can include managing stress effectively and being less likely to suffer from depression.
IQ and EQ
There is no correlation between IQ and EQ scores.
IQ has no connection with how people understand and deal with their emotions and the emotions of others (EQ).
You simply can’t predict emotional intelligence based on how smart someone is.
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Learning theories
Learning theories develop hypotheses that describe how learning takes place.
The major theories of learning are the following:
- behaviorist theories
- co...
Behaviorism theories
The behaviorist perspectives of learning originated in the early 1900s. The main idea of behaviorism is that learning consists of a change in behavior because of obtaining, strengthening and applying associations between input from the world, and observations of the individual.
- Learning is reinforced by exercise and repetition, followed by a positive reward.
- Learning takes place when the right parts of more complex behavior are rewarded.
Cognitive psychology
Cognitive psychology started in the late 1950s and contributed to the move away from behaviorism.
- Instead of viewing people as collections of responses to external stimuli, people are viewed as information processors.
- Cognitive psychology was influenced by the computer that processes information, that became analogous to the human mind.
- Cognitive psychology understands learning as absorbing knowledge, acting on it, and storing it in memory.
- The main teaching methods are lecturing and reading textbooks, where the learner receives knowledge passively.
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