Sporting superstitions

80% of professional athletes admit to engaging with at least one superstitious behaviour before a performance. Superstitions are known to reduce tension and give a sense of control over chance factors.

Within football, gymnastics, and athletics, competitors are found to pray for success, checking their appearance and dressing well to feel in control. They also wear lucky charms.

Superstitions can provide reassurance and help to reduce anxiety. The actions associated with superstitions can also develop into a habit and failure to perform the ritual can cause anxiety.

This is even though the actual outcome of the situation is still dependent on know...