Innovation accounting is a methodology used by organizations, especially in the context of startups and product development, to measure and track the progress of innovation initiatives. It helps teams assess the value of their ideas, products, or projects and make informed decisions about resource allocation.

Innovation Accounting. 

We're getting lost a bit here when we are bombarded with new info, i mean, what does methodology even mean?? Don't worry, let's simplify all of it. *Imagine you have a big puzzle to solve, but you're not sure which pieces fit together. Innovation accounting is like a special way of keeping track of how well you're doing in solving that puzzle.You just have to measure data after collecting it, and then learn from that measurement, change your strategies and plans if they are not giving you so great results after measurement, and most importantly, you keep trying

Hold On

Well it's called the Key Metrics, Identifying and tracking specific key performance indicators (KPIs) that are relevant to the innovation project. These metrics often go beyond traditional financial measures and may include user engagement, customer feedback, or product usage data.For those whoe worked in customer service before, your KPI's are you average monthly performance indicators, how many calls did you get for how many minutes, how satisfied were the customers after every call, did you get enough surveys? What needs to be improved about your communication style? And so on and so forth.

What You Need To Measure? 

A milestones is a really big name, I've always liked the meaning lying behind it.Imagine you are on a trip, and then you get to explore a territory you've never visited before, believe me, the first thing you need to do is to set milestone, to mark where you been last, so that whenever you find yourself getting lost in an odd road, you always know the way back to the last milestone. Now in business, setting clear milestones that indicate when the team expects to learn important insights about the innovation. These milestones help in assessing progress and making adjustments as needed.

Learning Milestones

You build a minimum viable product MVP, which you will build, distribute and then assess it's results and learm from them. Okay look, Imagine you want to build an amazing treehouse in your backyard. The Build-Measure-Learn cycle is a way to make sure your treehouse turns out super cool. <ul><li>Build: First, you start by building a basic treehouse. It might not be perfect yet, but it's a start. You use some wood, nails, and your imagination to create it. </li><li>Measure: Now, you take a step back and look at your treehouse. You invite your friends over and see what they think. Do they like it? </li></ul>

Build-Measure-Learn Cycle

<ul><li>Learn: Based on what you've measured, you learn some important things. Maybe your friends say they'd love a ladder to climb up easier, or they want a place to hang a swing. You learn from their ideas and your own observations.</li><li>Improve: With your new ideas and what you've learned, you make your treehouse even better. You add the ladder and the swing because you know it will make it more fun. This step is about making changes to improve your treehouse.</li><li>Repeat: You don't stop there. You keep going! You might build, measure, learn, and improve several times until your treehouse becomes fantastic!</li></ul>

Innovation accounting is the process of defining, prioritizing, and measuring specific, actionable metrics that demonstrate how much progress a startup is making.

Innovation accounting is a quantitative approach that allows us to see when we’re moving forward and when we’re spinning our wheels.

The central idea of the book is that startups should adopt a scientific approach to creating and managing products. Instead of developing elaborate business plans and launching products based on assumptions, Ries advocates for a process of iterative learning and experimentation.

Most startups fail. But many of those failures are preventable. The Lean Startup is a new approach being adopted across the globe, changing the way companies are built and new products are launched. Eric Ries defines a startup as an organization dedicated to creating something new under conditions of extreme uncertainty. This is just as true for one person in a garage or a group of seasoned professionals in a Fortune 500 boardroom. What they have in common is a mission to penetrate that fog of uncertainty to discover a successful path to a sustainable business. The Lean Startup approach fosters companies that are both more capital efficient and that leverage human creativity more effectively. Inspired by lessons from lean manufacturing, it relies on “validated learning,” rapid scientific experimentation, as well as a number of counter-intuitive practices that shorten product development cycles, measure actual progress without resorting to vanity metrics, and learn what customers really want. It enables a company to shift directions with agility, altering plans inch by inch, minute by minute. Rather than wasting time creating elaborate business plans, The Lean Startup offers entrepreneurs—in companies of all sizes—a way to test their vision continuously, to adapt and adjust before it’s too late. Ries provides a scientific approach to creating and managing successful startups in a age when companies need to innovate more than ever.

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Money & Investments

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Motivation & Inspiration

business

Business

books

Books

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Product & Design

Eric Ries is an American entrepreneur, blogger, and author of The Lean Startup, a book on the lean startup movement. He is also the author of The Startup Way, a book on modern entrepreneurial management.

Eric Ries

The Lean Startup

The Spanish surrealist Salvador Dali is one of the most enigmatic artists of the twentieth century.
Known for his often strange and surreal subject matter, Dali's most famous work of art is The Persistence of Memory (1931), widely regarded as a masterpiece of Surrealism. What is the secret hidden meaning behind Salvador Dali's painting The Persistence of Memory and its iconic melting clocks?

Melting Clocks "The Persistence of Memory"

Sometimes referred to as just the "melting clocks" painting, in Dali's The Persistence of Memory (1931) a mysterious human-like white figure sleeps in an otherwise deserted landscape A clock covers the sleeping figure's back, almost the same way a blanket might cover a sleeping child. Nearby, another clock drapes over a limb. While we usually think of clocks as hard, unbending objects, Dali's clocks are flexible, malleable things that seem to be soft, perhaps melting away in the desert sun. What do these melting clocks mean? Why are they laying out there in the sun? What is the hidden meaning?

Questions About The Melting Clocks 

The concept of the dream is integral to understanding Surrealism and also plays a key role in unlocking the secret meaning of The Persistence of Memory.
For Surrealists, dreams were very important. A major goal of the art movement was to capture visually what it is like to be in the dream state. We have all had fantastic dreams where unrelated people, places, and objects come together in inexplicable and irrational ways. Understanding that The Persistence of Memory most likely relates to and depicts a dream state is the first step in revealing the hidden meaning of Salvador Dali’s mestery

It's Just A Dream!

Some art history scholars believe that Dali's melting clocks may symbolize Albert Einstein's groundbreaking Theory of Relativity, a new and revolutionary idea back in the 1930s. In his Theory of Relativity, Einstein proposed a new concept of time. According to Einstein’s theory, time is a relative and complex concept that cannot be tracked with such a crude, simple gadget as a clock or a pocket watch. In The Persistence of Memory, Dali’s clocks might be melting away because they are outmoded and losing power over the world around them. Limp and increasingly ineffectual.

Art Meets Science 

The Persistence of Memory is arguably Dali’s most famous painting. Its iconic "melting clocks" have become an icon of Surrealism and one of the most recognizable pieces of art of the twentieth century. While the painting's true secret meaning is uncertain, Salvador Dali most likely knowingly encrypted all of these layers of historical, psychological, artistic, social and autobiographical meaning into his mysterious, enduring work of art. There may be even more layers of meaning hidden in The Persistence of Memory that we haven't found yet.

Meaning Explained: Salvador Dali's Melting Clocks

One of the most famous Mesterious art works 

What is the meaning of the famous Surrealist artist Salvador Dali's melting clocks painting 

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History

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Science Fiction

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Creativity

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Society, Arts & Culture

Meaning of the Melting Clocks

I will make this short for you, but I've just simply been struck by the most beautiful habit one could ever try to establish or integrate in his life, specially if you have been thinking about starting to learn a new habit but don't know where to start, you can practice it anywhere, at your job, in a club, family gathering, parties etc.. Literally anywhere, and it's benefits would be astonishing too, mostly when you become good at it, are you ready? It's in the next idea, enjoy thinking about it!

Look 

Start complimenting a person in a creative way everyday, whereby you will need to come up with a new complimenting method everyday different from the last one

Understand yourself and those around you.

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Psychology

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Habits

The Golden habit 

Did you know? That art is the first human discovery? The oldest known art is believed to be over 40,000 years old. Cave paintings in locations like Chauvet-Pont-d'Arc Cave in France and Sulawesi, Indonesia, showcase early humans' creativity and desire for expression. Early premetive Human beings have also not lived only for bread and food, poems, cave paintings and hand crafts have been found to prove that art is a human integrated act, the following are the most five important artists you should know about, i would be happy if you would write your favorites in the comments after reading ❤️

Art 

We could not talk about art and not talk about da Vinci, despite being everything one could dream of or imagine, like an artist, polymath, Architect, scientist, inventor and a writer, da Vinci was a mixture of mixtures.Science was obvious in his art such as Anatomy Studies, Leonardo's detailed anatomical studies were groundbreaking. He conducted dissections of the human body, producing accurate anatomical drawings that advanced our understanding of human physiology.The creator of the last supper, Mona Lisa, his paintings are celebrated for their realism, use of sfumato, (tension teqneche

Leonardo Da Vinci (1452 - 1519)

A Mexican painter celebrated for her surreal self-portraits that often explore themes of identity, pain, and resilienceThe Surrealism, although she resisted being labeled as a Surrealist. Her paintings are characterized by vibrant colors, intricate details, and a focus on self-portraits. Many of her works reflect her physical and emotional suffering, as well as her Mexican heritage and indigenous roots.Frida Kahlo was born in Coyoacán, Mexico City. She faced numerous health challenges, primarily due to a severe bus accident she experienced as a teenager, leaving her with lifelong suffering

Frida Kahlo (1907-1954)

The color blue has been historically challenging and expensive to produce in art. It was once more valuable than gold. Artists used lapis lazuli, a precious stone, to create blue pigments, Jan vermeer was a Dutch Golden Age painter known for his exquisite and meticulously detailed scenes, particularly his depictions of domestic life and for some reason, he had an abundance of Blue. One of his most famous works is "Girl with a Pearl Earring," also known as the "Mona Lisa of the North." This portrait is celebrated for its enigmatic beauty and the captivating gaze of the subject.

Jan Vermeer (1632-1675)

Banksy is a pseudonymous England-based street artist, political activist, and filmmaker known for his distinctive and often provocative works of art in public spaces. Banksy's art primarily takes the form of stenciled graffiti, which he uses to convey social and political messages. His works can be found on streets, walls, and bridges in various cities around the world. Banksy's real identity remains a well-guarded secret. He has maintained anonymity throughout his career, often appearing in public wearing disguises and using a pseudonym to communicate with the media and the public.

Banksy 

The last but not the least, a middle eastern artist, whose work is know and credited for its provocative nature, and the rebellious appearance and rejection of the norms. An Iranian-American visual artist known for her powerful and thought-provoking photography, video installations, and films. Her work often explores themes related to gender, identity, and the socio-political context of Iran and the Middle East.Shirin Neshat's art has received international acclaim and provides a unique perspective on the complex cultural and social issues of the Middle East.

Shirin Neshat (born 1957)

Mention facts, artists, painting or teqneches you love in art in the comments and let us know what do you think ❤️

Now Your Turn

Before the most of important things comes Art

5 Artists We Should Know About

We all believe that we are in control of most things around us, or at least that's what we aim to believe, thrive to imply and fear any opposing statements, but what if you come to understand that you are not in control as you ought to be, not only with your surrounding, but with your very own mind. Dr. Danial Kahneman addresses the idea of how our minds work and whethere if it is biased in his book "Thinking fast and slow" which we will be exploring together in the next few ideas, whether you decide to continue reading or not, it's up to you ..... Isn't it?

True Nature Of Decision Making 

So you might be thinking, I am in control, i mostly can swear that i direct my own mind to focus on certain things which are interesting to me, and hence i design my own perspective about things, i hold the brush and paint this painting, well i hate to tell you that that is what Kahneman called the systems 1 and 2 System 1: This is fast, intuitive, and automatic thinking. It's the kind of thinking we use for quick, everyday decisions and reactions. System 2: This is slower, more deliberate, and analytical thinking. It's used for more complex cognitive tasks that require effort and concentratio n

What's Fast And What's Slow? 

In order to understand what is it you are in control of (System 2) we have to address system 1 first, of course both of the previously mentioned are a sort of explatory names to demonstrate the two styles of thinking our brains do, and they are non existent in real science. So system 1 is the main decision maker in your head, it's your arms turning the driving wheel whenever your eyes see the desired U-turn, it's what comes to your head when you see the equation 2 + 2 =? it's simply the shortcuts your brain has devoloped throughout the years and does it automatically making you not in control

Your In Control Of System 2

On the other hand, system 2 is your critical thinking ability, it's the cognitive reliance that we, it's the struggle you would go through when you encounter 13*31= ? for example, despite that the answer is 368, it did not pop up instantly in your head when you encountered it, actually it would have took you a while until you figured the answer, but yeah i guess just because your mind now knows the answer you still have a sense of doubt thinking that you might have know it if you were given simply an extra minute, well i hat to tell you you're still wrong, the answer is 403 not 368.

So What Is System 2? (Slow Thinking)

To understand more about the biases of our minds and the heuristics it has consider the following question: A bat and a ball, both cost when sold together 1.10 pounds, the bat is one pound more expensive than the ball, so how much is the ball? (consider answering before proceeding) The intuitive biased answer that would come to mind is that the ball costs 10 cents, while if you applied calculation you will see that if the bat is 1 pound more expensive than a 10 cents ball then the total would be 1.20 not 1.10 as given, so what is the right answer?

Our Minds Are Biased 

Well don't bother the correct answer is that the ball costs 5 cents, despite the simplicity of such a question, you are not alone, as only 50% of Harvard's students managed to answer it right, and that was due to a biased mind that tells is to follow the shortcuts, as we are not naturally mathematicians. The following is a list of biases that were introduced in the book.

Biases... 

Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses, while ignoring or discounting contradictory evidence. If I'm already convinced that Manchester united is the best football club 'which it is' i will be always searching for information that would confirm my preconceived belief, and reject opposing ideas.

Confirmation Bias

Anchoring bias occurs when people rely too heavily on the first piece of information (the "anchor") they encounter when making decisions. Subsequent information is often evaluated in relation to this anchor, leading to skewed judgments.Example: if you're trying to convince your partner to buy you a 1000 dollars present, you could start by showing them 4000 - 6000 dollars worth of presents throughout the day, so that their mind woulf be anchored on that price range and therfore the 1000 dollars present would seem cheap and affordable.

Anchoring Bias

availability heuristic is a mental shortcut where people make judgments based on the ease with which they can recall or imagine instances of an event, or the availability of certain information, as represented in the bat and the ball example when you coukd not take your eyes off the 10 cents left, If something is readily available in memory, it's often perceived as more likely or important, even if it's not necessarily accurate.

Availability Heuristic

There are around 200 biases and counting, these are at least the ones we have studied so far, unfortunately we can not delete them, however these biases, as discussed in the book, highlight how our thinking can be influenced and sometimes distorted by automatic cognitive processes, and being aware of them can help us make more rational decisions.

So What Do We Do? 

"'Thinking, Fast and Slow' by Daniel Kahneman is a profound exploration of the human mind, unraveling the intricacies of how we think, decide, and often misjudge.

Major New York Times bestseller Winner of the National Academy of Sciences Best Book Award in 2012 Selected by the New York Times Book Review as one of the ten best books of 2011 A Globe and Mail Best Books of the Year 2011 Title One of The Economist's 2011 Books of the Year One of The Wall Street Journal's Best Nonfiction Books of the Year 2011 2013 Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipient Kahneman's work with Amos Tversky is the subject of Michael Lewis's The Undoing Project: A Friendship That Changed Our Minds In his mega bestseller, Thinking, Fast and Slow, Daniel Kahneman, the renowned psychologist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, takes us on a groundbreaking tour of the mind and explains the two systems that drive the way we think. System 1 is fast, intuitive, and emotional; System 2 is slower, more deliberative, and more logical. The impact of overconfidence on corporate strategies, the difficulties of predicting what will make us happy in the future, the profound effect of cognitive biases on everything from playing the stock market to planning our next vacation—each of these can be understood only by knowing how the two systems shape our judgments and decisions. Engaging the reader in a lively conversation about how we think, Kahneman reveals where we can and cannot trust our intuitions and how we can tap into the benefits of slow thinking. He offers practical and enlightening insights into how choices are made in both our business and our personal lives—and how we can use different techniques to guard against the mental glitches that often get us into trouble. Winner of the National Academy of Sciences Best Book Award and the Los Angeles Times Book Prize and selected by The New York Times Book Review as one of the ten best books of 2011, Thinking, Fast and Slow is destined to be a classic.

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Personal Development

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Reading & Writing

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Problem Solving

Daniel Kahneman (born 5 March 1934) is an Israeli-American psychologist and winner of the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, notable for his work on behavioral finance and hedonic psychology.With Amos Tversky and others, Kahneman established a cognitive basis for common human errors using heuristics and biases (Kahneman & Tversky, 1973, Kahneman, Slovic & Tversky, 1982), and developed Prospect theory (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979). He was awarded the 2002 Nobel Prize in Economics for his work in Prospect theory. Currently, he is professor emeritus of psychology at Princeton University's Department of Psychology.

Daniel Kahneman

Thinking, Fast and Slow

You're setting in a cafe or a train, maybe an airplane, and you're surrounded by people people who are minding their own business as you are, suddenly, an alarm breaks out or someone shouts out to announce a potential threat, unless you are free to run away and leave it behind. you will be most probably seeking shelter and that's that, but... Have you ever thought of the reason for this, i mean no one of ciurse wants to get hurt or injured, but why? Well, We do we often think of shelter whenever an idea of a potential threat arises, and that what Russell called, the paradox of security blanket.

The Security Blanket Paradox 

In Bertrand Russell's "Problems of Philosophy," the "security blanket paradox" is a metaphorical concept used to describe a common psychological predicament experienced by humans. It arises when individuals latch onto these sources of comfort, akin to someone holding onto a security blanket. While it initially provides a sense of safety, it ultimately becomes a source of anxiety too. This is because people not only worry about the original hazards and uncertainties but also become anxious about the potential loss or damage to their "security blanket" (the possession, relationship, or beliefs

Coinage Of The Term And Definition 

You might have seen the representation of a security blanket around us in other people even in our selves on different levels, lucky cigarettes, seat belts, possessions, certains relegious beliefs and certain body shapes. However, my own favorite representation would be Chuck McGill from the TV series better call saul

Examples Of Security Blankets 

For those who have not seen the masterpiece "better call Saul" Chuck is a character who embodies elements of the "security blanket paradox" in his own way. Chuck is an intelligent and accomplished lawyer, but he suffers from a psychological condition known as electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS), leads him to believe that he is extremely sensitive to electromagnetic fields.It becomes a central plot point in the series, and it is the source of significant anxiety and insecurity for him he goes to great lengths to protect himself from electromagnetic radiationincluding wearing a space blanket

Chuck McGill

Chuck's character serves as a complex and tragic example of how clinging to a perceived source of security, even one rooted in irrational beliefs or anxieties, can have detrimental effects on one's life and well-being.The idea is not to drop your guard and untie your seat belt driving off a cliff, but to open your eyes to the real nature of threats and differentiate between them and challenges for growth, we all have our fears but your blanket is not bullet proof, some times it is better to look for a solution instead of a shelter.

Conclusion 

While we would wish to get back to hiding under our blankets when young, reality subjects that challenges all around us are to be confronted 

Immensely intelligible, thought-provoking guide by Nobel Prize winner considers such topics as the distinction between appearance and reality, the existence and nature of matter, idealism, inductive logic, intuitive knowledge, many other subjects. For students and general readers, there is no finer introduction to philosophy than this informative, affordable and highly readable edition.

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Philosophy

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Movies & Shows

Bertrand Russell

The Problems of Philosophy

Generation studies is like evolution but on a more narrowed scale, it helps us remember who we were and figure out what we are becoming, it's the essential core of our identity as a whole, and how is this whole becoming more and more tightened every day, as the world becomes closer to not only being a small village, soon an entity in your pocket, we call it smart phones, our fathers "generation X" call it a cellphones. L

Now U Know The XYZ Tell Me What You Think Of Me

Between 1928 - 1945 there was a generation that lived a silent life, they call it the Silent generation a generation that out lived and survived horrific events that shaped and impacted our world till the very current moment, it's a generation the witnessed the great depression, world war 2, and the post war boom. Such a generation was called the Silent one as they were born in an era that raised children only to be seen, not heard, a child is expected to follow and obey, that's why some of their greatest traits are loyality, conservativity, and loyalty.

Hush .. It's Sunday! 

You call the people born between 1946 - 1964 the "Baby Boomers" a generation the followed the World war when the world has witnessed a significant rise in child birth rates and human productiveness, it's also the era of the birth of civil rights! Imagine that the world firstly got introduced to civil rights after children stopped to be silent and raised more children. Baby Boomers tended to prioritize their careers and sought success through hard work. They were a generation that experienced economic prosperity and were major contributors to consumer culture. More children means more shopping

The War Is Over, Let's Get Married! 

For people roughly born between 1965 - 1980 are the Gen X, who are your parents - if your a Gen Z or maybe Y- Generation X is often characterized as the "Latchkey Generation" because many of them were raised in households where both parents worked, leading to more independent and self-reliant individuals, it's the generation that have seen economical fluctuations, job instability and the birth of the internet and much much more, all Of which justifies why such a generation has been labeled as the helicopter parent moving forward, being extremely afraid for their children's further future.

The X-FACTOR - Fathers Acting Curios Towards Our Relations 

This is actually my personal favorite generation, although i am not a member myself, for the people born between 1981 - 1996, cool walkman and exotic life styles arising, the concept of a Rockstar and spirituality, the mellennials or the so called Gen Y are the diversity of all options and the sun of new beginnings. They grew up in a time of rapid technological advancements, shaping their worldview and communication patterns. They are often described as optimistic, collaborative, and socially conscious. also known for valuing experiences over material possessions. Which makes them more cool

Millennials, Gimme Five.. 

Born in the globalized era, kids from 1997 - 2012 hate to be called kids, they feel the overgrowth of their ego, and sick of parental control, confident, social and economical ... Wait are they? Generation Z is the first generation to have grown up entirely in the digital age. They are known as "digital natives" and have been exposed to technology and social media from a very young age. They are characterized by their multicultural and diverse outlook, the most open mimded and supportive, however, unfortunately we struggle with social connections and meaning, first victims, of a social Dilemma<warningtag>.</warningtag>

Generation Z, For Zombie 

generational traits and behavior patterns are generalizations, and individual differences exist within each generation. Additionally, the cutoff years for each generation may vary slightly depending on different sources and cultural contexts. As time passes, the characteristics of these generations may evolve, and newer generations may emerge with distinct traits and behaviors.

Small Remark To Remember 

A riveting exploration of diverse cohorts, each with its own quirks and character. From the Silent Generation to Generation Z, prepare to embark on a brief through time, unearthing the traits, behaviors, and cultural impacts that define these fascinating human waves. So buckle up, dear reader, as we delve into the captivating world of generational dynamics.

scienceandnature

Science & Nature

X, Y, or Z? 

Realism refers to a philosophical and artistic movement that emphasizes the accurate and objective representation of reality. In general, realism seeks to depict things as they are, without idealization or romanticization. Rejecting the past neoclassicism and romantic movements, It emerged as a significant literary and artistic movement in the mid-19th century as am aesthetic reaction, seekimg for showing the world exactly as it is, not idealized and not romanticised. @Nighthawks _Edward Hopper

Realism in art and literature

In the mid to late 19th century that attempted to create objective representations of the outside world. The basis for this was the unbiased observation of contemporary life. Realism was consciously democratic, incorporating into its subjects and audiences activities and social classes previously considered unworthy of high art to depict. The most coherent development of realism is found in French painting, most notably in the work of Gustave Courbet, who used the term réalisme as the title of a manifesto accompanying an exhibition of his work in 1855 @Nude woman with a dog_Gustave Cour

What Is Really Realism? 

In art, realism is characterized by a meticulous representation of visual reality, often with a focus on ordinary subjects, landscapes, and scenes from everyday life. Realist artists strive to capture the nuances of light, color, and form, aiming to create works that are indistinguishable from reality. The followed the Chiaroscuro style to create 3d like life paintings, using shadows and light, Prominent realist painters include Gustave Courbet, Jean-François Millet, and Winslow Homer. @Ceromonial setting of the state coucol on the 7th of may 1901 marking the centenary of its foundation _ llja

Focus In Art

<ul><li>Accurate Representation</li><li>Everyday Subjects</li><li>Social Critique</li><li>Natural Light</li><li>Rejection of Idealization</li><li>Honesty and Truthfulness</li><li>Influence of Photography</li><li>Attention to Social Class</li></ul>

Key features of the Realism movement

Realist artists aimed to depict their subjects with utmost accuracy, striving for a faithful portrayal of the visual world. They paid close attention to detail, capturing the textures, forms, and colors of objects and scenes. @The dead christ with Angels_Eduard Manet

Accurate Representation

Realism focused on depicting ordinary, everyday subjects rather than idealized or fantastical themes. Artists often portrayed scenes from everyday life, including landscapes, still life, and genre scenes. @Jewish woman with oranges_Aleksander Gierymsk

Everyday Subjects

Realism was not only concerned with representing the visual world faithfully but also sought to reflect the social realities of the time. Many realist artists addressed social issues, such as poverty, inequality, and the working class, in their works, offering a critique of the prevailing social conditions. @Interior _Edgar Degas

Social Critique

Realist painters were interested in capturing the effects of natural light on their subjects. They studied the play of light and shadow, aiming to create a sense of depth and three-dimensionality in their paintings. @Rue Transnonain_Honoré Daumier

Natural Light

Realism rejected the romanticized and idealized portrayals that were popular during the preceding Romantic movement. Realist artists aimed to depict their subjects without embellishment, avoiding sentimentality and romantic notions. @Luncheon on the Grass_ Édouard Manet

Rejection of Idealization

Realism prioritized honesty and truthfulness in artistic representation. The goal was to present the world as it was observed, avoiding idealization or distortion. @Breton Brother and sister _William Adolph

Honesty and Truthfulness

The emergence of photography during the mid-19th century had a significant impact on Realism. Realist artists often drew inspiration from the qualities of early photographs, which provided a precise and objective record of reality. @Dempsey and firpo_George Bellows

Influence of Photography

Realist artists often portrayed people from different social classes, offering a glimpse into their lives and experiences. They sought to provide a realistic portrayal of the struggles, challenges, and dynamics of various social groups. @The little stepherdess_ William Adolph

Attention to Social Class

The Realism movement in art was comprised of various influential figures who played significant roles in shaping and defining the movement, among them are: Gustave Courbet (1819-1877): Considered one of the pioneers and leading figures of Realism, Courbet's works challenged the artistic conventions of his time. His paintings, such as "The Stone Breakers" and "A Burial at Ornans," emphasized everyday subjects and social realities, making him a central figure in the development of Realism.

Laders and notable artists associated with Realism

Millet was known for his depictions of rural life and the working class. His paintings, such as "The Gleaners" and "The Angelus," captured the dignity and hardships of peasant life, highlighting the social and economic

Jean-François Millet (1814-1875)

Daumier was a French painter, sculptor, and printmaker renowned for his social and political satires. His drawings and lithographs, often featuring caricatures, critiqued the bourgeoisie, politicians, and social injustices of 19th-century France.

Honoré Daumier (1808-1879)

Manet, though associated with Impressionism, is considered a precursor to Realism due to his rejection of idealized representations. His paintings, such as "Olympia" and "The Luncheon on the Grass," challenged academic norms and depicted contemporary subjects with a directness and realism that aligned with the Realist spirit.

Édouard Manet (1832-1883)

Homer, an American artist, is known for his realistic depictions of American life, particularly landscapes and marine scenes. His works, such as "The Gulf Stream" and "Breezing Up," showcased the ruggedness of nature and the resilience of everyday people.

Winslow Homer (1836-1910)

Eakins was an American painter known for his realistic portraits and scenes of everyday life. His works, like "The Gross Clinic" and "The Swimming Hole," captured the human form and ordinary activities with meticulous detail and psychological insight.

Thomas Eakins (1844-1916)

The Realism movement 

It's a pretty romantic name that gets to be stuck in your head once you hear it, at the end, we are all emotional beings, we think emotionally, and we even have emotional intelligence. Is it Rational? Not at all actually....Romanticism emerged as a reaction against the rationality and order of the Enlightenment period, which emphasized reason and science, imagine an era in the late 18th century around 1790s where the whole world is overwhelming ornamenting scientific methods and details, even art is Neoclassical, and here comes our savior, Romance.

What's Romanticism? 

The Romantic era was characterized by a shift in focus from reason to emotion, imagination, and individualism. It celebrated the power of nature, the expression of intense emotions, and the exploration of the supernatural and the sublime. Romantic thinkers and artists sought to evoke strong emotions and create a sense of awe & wonder through their works. That does not mean that Romanticism was just a moving entity of emotions, instead it was a creative movement that embraced the personal experiences of individuals, allowing artist to decide following their hearts and paint themselves in nature

The Romatic Beginning 

In visual arts, Romanticism saw a shift from classical themes to more emotional and natural subjects. Artists like <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspar_David_Friedrich">Caspar David Friedrich</a>, <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._M._W._Turner">J.M.W. Turner</a>, and <a href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix">Eugène Delacroix</a> depicted dramatic landscapes, tumultuous events, and powerful emotions in their paintings. Music in the Romantic era saw a greater emphasis on personal expression and individual style. Composers such as Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert, and Frederic Chopin composed pieces that conveyed intense emotions and expressed the inner world of the individual. *In a Roman Osteria_Carl Bloch

Shift from Classical themes

Romanticism had a profound impact on various aspects of society and culture. It challenged the prevailing intellectual and social norms of the time and emphasized the importance of individual experience, emotions, and imagination. It also influenced not only literature, art, and music but also philosophy, politics and social movements. Romanticism left a lasting legacy and continues to inspire creative endeavors to this day, cuz hey, art is to be felt after all, not only seen. *A favourite custom _Lawrence Alma-Tadema

What Is Unique About Emotions? 

<ul><li>Emphasis on emotion and individualism</li><li>Appreciation of nature</li><li>Rejection of industrialization and urbanization</li><li>Focus on the imagination and the supernatural</li><li>Celebration of the common people and folk culture</li><li>Yearning for the past and nostalgia</li><li>The concept of the "Romantic hero</li></ul>

key features that made the ideas of Romanticism special

Romanticism celebrated the power of emotions and the individual's subjective experience. It rejected the strict rationality of the Enlightenment and embraced the expression of intense feelings, including love, passion, and despair. *Oedipus cursing his son polynics_Johanen Heinrich Füssli

Emphasis on emotion and individualism

Romantic thinkers and artists revered nature as a source of inspiration and as a means to connect with the sublime. They sought to depict the awe-inspiring beauty of natural landscapes and emphasize the individual's relationship with the natural world. *Wanderer in the storm_Julius von Leypold

Appreciation of nature

With the rise of the Industrial Revolution, Romanticism emerged as a reaction against the negative consequences of rapid urbanization, mechanization, and industrialization. Romanticists idealized rural life, pastoral settings, and a simpler, more authentic way of living. *The Education of Achilles _Eugène Delacroix

Rejection of industrialization and urbanization

Romanticism exalted the power of the human imagination and explored the realms of fantasy, the supernatural, and the mysterious, it's like it was the complete opposite of its competitive Rationalization ruling schools at the time. It delved into folklore, mythology, and gothic elements, seeking to evoke a sense of wonder and awe. *Thou who cannot_Francisco de Goya

Focus on the imagination and the supernatural

It's the Art of the people, and heroism is the people. "Unknown" Romanticism challenged the rigid social hierarchy of the time and gave voice to the experiences and struggles of the common people. It sought inspiration from folk traditions, folklore, and local customs, emphasizing the value of authentic, unspoiled culture. *Portrait of a Woman in A BLUE turban_ Eugène Delacroix

Celebration of the common people and folk culture

Romanticism often expressed a longing for an idealized past, whether it was a medieval era, a mythical golden age, or a simpler pre-industrial society. This nostalgia was driven by a sense of loss and a reaction against the rapid changes of the modern world. *The Vision of God _ William Blake

Yearning for the past and nostalgia

Romantic literature often portrayed protagonists as passionate, rebellious, and tormented individuals who defied societal norms and pursued their own desires and ideals. These characters were often portrayed as outcasts or misunderstood visionaries.

The concept of the "Romantic hero

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