"For artists, scientists, inventors, schoolchildren, and the rest of us, intrinsic motivation-the drive to do something because it is interesting, challenging, and absorbing-is essential for high levels of creativity."

﻿"Human beings have an innate inner drive to be autonomous, self-determined, and connected to one another. And when that drive is liberated, people achieve more and live richer lives."

Motivation 1.0 - Survival InstinctMotivation 2.0 - Carrot and Stick ModelMotivation 3.0 - Intrinsic Motivation

Evolution of Motivation

<ol><li>Autonomy: The desire for you to direct your own life.</li><li>Mastery: The pull to make progress and get better at something that matters.</li><li>Purpose: The yearning to do what you want to do in the service of something greater than yourself.</li></ol>

3 Elements of Intrinsic Motivation

<ul><li>Type I behavior is made, not born.</li><li>Type I’s almost always outperformed Type X’s in the long run.</li><li>Type I behavior does not disdain money or recognition. </li><li>Type I behavior is a renewable resource.</li><li>Type I behavior promotes greater physical and mental well-being.</li></ul>

Type - I vs Type - X

By giving one a degree of flexibility within a rigid framework with a choice of tasks, free time to work on side projects, choice of technique, and the opportunity to pick team members, a spark of the intrinsic drive of autonomy will be created. Author Daniel Pink calls these the four T’s of autonomy: The freedom to pick the Task, the Time, the Technique, and the Team.

Autonomy

"Greatness and nearsightedness are incompatible. Meaningful achievement depends on lifting one's sights and pushing toward the horizon."

"Motivation 2.0 presumed that humans also responded to rewards and punishments. That worked fine for routine tasks but incompatible with how we organize what we do, how we think about what we do, and how. we do what we do. We need an upgrade.Motivation 3.0, the upgrade we now need, presumes that humans also have a drive to learn, to create, and to better the world.”Motivation 3.0 is intrinsic motivation.

Motivation 3.0

<ol><li>They can extinguish intrinsic motivation.</li><li>They can diminish performance.</li><li>They can crush creativity.</li><li>They can crowd out good behavior.</li><li>They can encourage cheating, shortcuts, and unethical behavior.</li><li>They can become addictive.</li><li>They can foster short-term thinking.</li></ol>

Deadly Flaws of Carrots and Sticks

Type - I : Intrinsically motivated.<ul><li>less concerned with external rewards.</li><li>more satisfied with the activity itself.</li></ul>Type - X : Extrinsically motivated.<ul><li>reaching for the external; material validation and satisfaction.</li></ul>

Type - I and Type - X

Motivation 1.0 presumed that humans were biological creatures, struggling to obtain our basic needs for food, security, and sex.Sometimes we needed ways to restrain this drive–to prevent someone from stealing. And so in a feat of remarkable cultural engineering, we slowly replaced it with Motivation 2.0.

Motivation 1.0

"Once we realize that the boundaries between work and play are artificial, we can take matters in hand and begin the difficult task of making life more livable."

Optimal experiences( or the state of 'Flow') when the challenges we face are exquisitely matched to our abilities. Set Goldilocks tasks, tasks that are not too hard and not too easy. Challenge yourself, but get it done. 3 Rules of Mastery<ol><li>Mastery is a mindset because it requires you to see your ability, not perfect, but infinitely improvable.</li><li>Mastery is a pain because it requires effort, deliberate practice, failure, trial and error, and grit.</li><li>Mastery is asymptote because the overall lifetime result is impossible to fully realize, which makes it frustrating as well as learning.</li></ol>

Mastery

“Control leads to compliance; autonomy leads to engagement.”

At the core, humans are more than the sum of our biological urges. However, it also suggests that we aren’t much different than horses–that the way to get us moving in the right direction is by dangling a carrot (a reward) or wielding a sharper stick (punishment). This is motivation 2.0 or Carrot and sticks model. Here people are driven by an external reward or punishment.But what this operating system lacked in enlightenment, it made up for ineffectiveness. It worked well–extremely well up to a point.

Motivation 2.0

Humans are naturally inclined to seek purpose, to be part of a greater cause, and to make a contribution to the world. Purpose Motivation expresses itself in three ways:<ol><li>In words that emphasize beyond self-interest</li><li>In goals that use the profit to reach the purpose</li><li>In policies that allow people to pursue purpose on their own terms</li></ol>

Purpose

Forget everything you thought you knew about how to motivate people - at work, at school, at home. It's wrong. As Daniel H. Pink explains in his new and paradigm-shattering book DRIVE: THE SURPRISING TRUTH ABOUT WHAT MOTIVATES US, the secret to high performance and satisfaction in today's world is the deeply human need to direct our own lives, to learn and create new things, and to do better by ourselves and our world. Drawing on four decades of scientific research on human motivation, Pink exposes the mismatch between what science knows and what business does - and how that affects every aspect of our lives. He demonstrates that while the old-fashioned carrot-and-stick approach worked successfully in the 20th century, it's precisely the wrong way to motivate people for today's challenges. In DRIVE, he reveals the three elements of true motivation: AUTONOMY - the desire to direct our own lives; MASTERY - the urge to get better and better at something that matters; PURPOSE - the yearning to do what we do in the service of something larger than ourselves. Along the way, he takes us to companies that are enlisting new approaches to motivation and introduces us to the scientists and entrepreneurs who are pointing a bold way forward. DRIVE is bursting with big ideas - the rare book that will change how you think and transform how you live.

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Daniel H. Pink is the author of six provocative books — including his newest, When: The Scientific Secrets of Perfect Timing. WHEN has spent 4 months on the New York Times bestseller list and was named a Best Book of 2018 by Amazon and iBooks. Dan's other books include the long-running New York Times bestseller A Whole New Mind and the #1 New York Times bestsellers Drive and To Sell is Human. His books have won multiple awards and have been translated into 39 languages. He and his wife, who live in Washington, DC, have three children -- a college senior, a college sophomore, and a high school sophomore. 

DANIEL H PINK

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