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Common disorders of the immune system
Overactivity of the immune system can cause:
- Allergic diseases; and
- Autoimmune diseases
Underactivity of the immune system (immunodefiency):
- These can be inherited such as CVID and SCID
- Sometimes arise as a result of medical treatment such as corticosteroids or chemotherapy
- It can also be caused by another disease such as HIV/AIDS or certain types of cancer
Having an underactive immune system simply means that it does not function correctly and this makes people who have them vulnerable to infections and in the most sever cases, could be life-threatening.
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The immune system and microbial infection
Our bodies' immune system keeps a track record of every microbe that it has ever encountered and defeated in the memory cells (white blood cells - B- and T-lymphocytes).
Once a microbe enters the body again, it can be easily recognized and defeated before it multiplies and make you feel sic...
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The body's other defenses
- Skin - our skin is the largest organ of the body what is waterproof and secretes oil that has bacteria-killing properties
- Lungs - mucus in the lungs traps foreign bodies and the cilia waves the mucus upwards so that i can be coughed out by the body
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Immunization
The immunization process works by copying the body's natural immune response. We are then injected with vaccines that contain the same germs that cause the diseases but they have been either killed or wekaned to the point that they don't make you severely sick; others contain onl...
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Parts of the immune system
- White blood cells - the key players of our immune system
- Antibodies - these recognize the antigens on the surface of the microbe then mark them for destruction
- Complement System - made up of proteins that complement the work ...
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Fevers as an immune system response
With some infections we may experience getting a fever or a rise in our body's temperature. This is actually an immune system response and by doing so can actually kill some microbes and trigger the body's repair process.
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Immunoglobulin therapy
Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are used to treat people who are unable to make enough antibodies of their own or those whose antibodies don't work properly.
This can be delivered through:
- a drip into the vein - IVIg (intravenous immunoglobulin); or
- it can be d...
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