The Characteristics of Self-Actualization Scale (CSAS) - Deepstash
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The Characteristics of Self-Actualization Scale (CSAS)

In 2018, psychologist Scott Barry Kaufman, from Columbia University, published a study that updated Maslow’s work with modern statistical methods and proposed 10 specific characteristics that are shared by self-actualized people.

Kaufman updated Maslow’s methods and language and utilized surveys of over 500 people on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to zero in on these 10 characteristics that each made a distinct contribution towards self-actualization.

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Humanistic Psychology And Self-Actualization

Maslow’s ideas are regarded as humanistic psychology, arising in part as a reaction to Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis and B.F. Skinner’s behaviorism. This line of thought sees individuals as inherently striving towards self-actualization, where their capabilities and c...

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9. Good Moral Intution

  • I trust my moral decisions without having to deliberate too much about them
  • I have a strong sense of right and wrong in my daily life
  • I can tell “deep down” right away when I’ve done something wrong

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7. Humanitarianism

  • I feel a deep sense of identification with all human beings
  • I feel a great deal of sympathy and affection for all human beings
  • I have a genuine desire to help the human re

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2. Acceptance

  • I accept all sides of myself, including my shortcomings
  • I accept all of my quirks and desires without shame or apology
  • I have unconditional acceptance for people and their unique quirks and desires

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The Self-actualization Test

The Self-actualization Test

To take the test of self-actualization yourself, go to Barry Scott Kaufman’s website:

https://scottbarrykaufman.com/selfactualizationtests/

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10. Creative Spirit

  • I have a generally creative spirit that touches everything I do
  • I bring a generally creative attitude to all of my work
  • I am often in touch with my childlike spontaneity

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6. Efficient Perception of Reality

  • I often have a clear perception of reality
  • I am always trying to get at the real truth about people and nature
  • I try to get as close as I can to the reality of the world

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What Is Self-Actualization?

The American psychologist Abraham Maslow famously proposed in 1954 the “Maslow’s hierarchy of needs” which theorized that psychological health culminated in self-actualization. Maslow saw that as being able to fulfill your potential, becoming your tru...

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4. Equanimity

  • I am often undisturbed and unruffled by things that seem to bother most people
  • I am relatively stable in the face of hard knocks, blows, deprivations and frustrations
  • I tend to take life’s inevitable ups and downs with grace, acceptance and equanimity

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5. Purpose

  • I feel a great responsibility and duty to accomplish a particular mission in life
  • I feel as though I have some important task to fulfill in this lifetime
  • I have a purpose in life that will help the good of humankind

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3. Authenticity

  • I can maintain my dignity and integrity even in environments and situations that are undignified
  • I can stay true to my core values even in environments that challenge them
  • I take responsibility for my actions

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8. Peak Experiences

  • I often have experiences in which I feel new horizons and possibilities opening up for myself
  • I often have experiences in which I feel a profound transcendence of my selfish concerns
  • I often have experiences in which I feel one with all people and things on this planet

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1. Continued Freshness of Appreciation

  • I can appreciate again and again, freshly and naively, the basic goods of life, with awe, pleasure, wonder, and even ecstasy, however stale these experiences may have become to others. A sunset looks just as beautiful every time I see one
  • I often feel gratitude for the good in my lif...

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ABRAHAM MASLOW

The trouble with most [of the people] who have been after me [“wanting to work with me” on self-actualization] is that it seems they have in the back if their heads some notion of self-actualization as a kind of lightning stroke w...

ABRAHAM MASLOW

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Self-actualization Test Results

If you find yourself not scoring as high as you would like, Kaufman thinks you can develop such characteristics by changing your habits.

“A good way to start with that, is by first identifying where you stand on those characteristics and assessing your ...

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ABRAHAM MASLOW

One thing about this whole business is that self-actualization work transcends the self without trying to, and achieves the kind of loss of self-awareness and of self-consciousness that the easterners, the Japanese and Chinese and so on, keep on trying to ...

ABRAHAM MASLOW

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The 10 Characteristics Of Self-Actualized People

  1. Continued Freshness of Appreciation
  2. Acceptance
  3. Authenticity
  4. Equanimity
  5. Purpose
  6. Efficient Perception of Reality
  7. Humanitarianism

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Takeaways From Kaufman’s Study

Taken together, this total pattern of data supports Maslow’s contention that self-actualised individuals are more motivated by growth and exploration than by fulfilling deficiencies in basic needs.

Another significant takeaway from the stu...

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Maslow’s “Hierarchy” Or “Pyramid Of Needs”

Maslow’s “Hierarchy” Or “Pyramid Of Needs”

The pyramid of human needs devised by Maslow was based on the idea that human motivations follow a prioritizing pattern. The 5-level hierarchy of needs goes from purely “physiological” towards “love”, and “esteem,” with each stage needing to be satisfied before moving on...

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ABRAHAM MASLOW

I think that practically all of [the people who “wanted to work with me” on self-actualization] have tended unconsciously to define self-actualization in terms of the getting rid of all inhibitions and controls in favor of complete spontaneity and...

ABRAHAM MASLOW

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“An idea is something that won’t work unless you do.” - Thomas A. Edison

A 2018 study updated Maslow’s famous “Hierarchy of Needs” through modern methods and showed that self-actualized people share 10 specific traits.

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