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The pleasure principle
Freud proposed that humans are driven by the pleasure principle, which gives people easy physical and emotional rewards and drives them away from unpleasant things like drudgery and discipline.
Freud argued that infants were guided by the pleasure principle. However, indulging in pleasure without constraints will lead to dangerous, reckless things like never doing any work or overeating or sleeping with members of one's own family.
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The origins of neuroses in a child
To understand the dynamics of the three elements, Freud refers to the origins of our neuroses in childhood in distinct phases.
- The oral phase: Dealing with the feelings around ingestion and eating. We might pick up on all kinds of neuroses, such as taking pleasure in r...
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Psychoanalysis as a treatment for neurosis
Freud attempted to invent a treatment for neuroses, namely psychoanalysis. He thought proper analysis could uncover what troubles people and help to adjust reality.
He analysed a number of key things.
- He looked at people's dreams, which he descr...
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Civilisation and its Discontents - 1930
In this book, Freud wrote that society can give us many things, but by imposing heavy dictates on us: insisting that we sleep with only a few, imposing the incest taboo, requiring us to put off our immediate desires, demanding that we follow authority, that we work to earn money.
He...
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The reality principle
Freud believed we needed to adjust to the reality principle. There are better and worse kinds of adaptations. The bad ones he called neuroses.
Neuroses are the result of faulty negotiations with the pleasure principle.
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The personality is composed of three elements
- The ID is driven by the pleasure principle.
- The superego is driven by a desire to follow the rules and do the right social thing.
- The ego has to accommodate the two.
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Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis
Freud helps us understand why our lives and relationships are full of problems and pain. He explains why life is hard and how to cope.
Despite his success in later years, he was often unhappy. He stated during some research he recorded, "The chief patient I am preoccupied with is mysel...
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