Fear of the unknown can result in clinging to status quo behaviours.Strategy: Examine the consequencesCompare all possible consequences of both your status quo & desired behaviors. If there are more positive results bound with the new behavior, your fears are unwarranted.e.g. still unpunctual? -> chance to be fired -> greater benefit to changing than to not changing.Str: Prepare your observersNew behaviors can frighten the people observing them, so introduce them slowly.Str: Be realisticUnrealistic goals increase fear. Fear increases the probability of failure.

2) Change Is  Frightening 

Unfortunately, plans for big successes often result in big failures. Focus instead on a series of small successes. Each little success builds your reservoir of self-esteem; one big failure devastates it.Str: Map your successApproach each step as a separate mission and you'll eventually arrive at the end goal.

Small Successes Are Big

Surprise spells disaster for people seeking change.Knowing more about the process allows more control over it.Str: Monitor your behaviorsSome therapists insist on awareness of both current & desired behaviors, but research suggests it's sufficient to be aware of just the new one.Str: Request feedbackA study in the British Journal of Psychologyfound that reflecting on personal experiences with others is key to successful change.Str: Understand the outcomeSuccess is satisfying, and if you know why you succeeded or failed, similar strategies can be applied when changing other behaviors.

6)Know More, Do Better

Strategy: Break down the behaviorChange occurs in stages. To increase the overall probability of success, divide a behavior into parts and learn each part successively.

1) All Behaviours Are Complex

Have you always wanted to change your life, but you don’t know how to begin or make it into a reality? After 25 years of researching change expert Stan Goldberg, Ph.D lays out 10 major principles that cover all the strategies which you need for successful change.

The 10 Rules of Change

Str: Admire the outcomeAn act doesn't have to be enjoyable when the end result is extrinsically reinforcing. -> enjoy the payoff from your workE.g. I hate cleaning my kitchen, but I do it because I like the sight of a clean kitchen.Str: Reward yourselfExtraneous reinforcement isn't directly connected to the act or its completion. E.g. A worker may despise his manufacturing job but will continue working for a good paycheck. Whenever he met his target, he put $20 into his Hawaii vacation fund.

Change Must Be Positive -part2

Uncomfortable change becomes punishing & people don't continue activities that are more painful than rewarding.Str:Take baby stepsResearch:participants were more successful when their goals were gradually approximatedWrite down the behavior you want to change. Then write your goal. Draw 4 lines between the two & write a progressive step on each that takes you closer to your goal.Str:Simplify the processMethods of changing are often unnecessarily complicated & frenetic. Through simplicity, clarity arises.Str:Prepare for problemsPerfect worlds don't exist & neither do perfect learning situations

4) Being Is Easier Than Becoming

Str:Identify what worksClassify all activities, materials you're using as either helpful/neutral/unhelpful in achieving your goal. Eliminate unhelpful ones, make neutrals into positives & keep / increase the positives.Str:Revisit your plan regularlyReview every day how & why you're changing and the consequences of success & failure. Research:repetition increases the probability of success.Str:Logically sequence eventsIt's important to sequence the aspects associated with learning a new behavior in order of level of difficulty / timing.

7) Change Requires Structure

Everything has its own natural speed; when altered, unpleasant things happen. Change is most effective when it occurs slowly, allowing behaviors to become automatic.Str: Establish calmLife is like a stirred-up lake: Allow it to calm and the mud will settle, clearing the water. The same is true for change.Str: Appreciate the path "It's good to have an end to journey toward; but it is the journey that matters, in the end." -Ursula LeGuonDon't devise an arduous path; it should be as rewarding as the goal.

5) Slower Is Better

Practice is another key approach to change & the majority of failures occur because this principle is ignored. Practice makes new behaviors automatic and a natural part of who we are.Str: Use helpersNot all behaviors can be learned on your own. Sometimes it's useful to enlist the help of a trusted friend.Str: Practice in many settingsIf you want to use a new behavior in different environments, practice it in those or similar settings. Dubbing this "generalization" is critical in maintaining new behaviors.

8) Practice Is Necessary

Even when flawlessly performed, new behaviors are fragile and disappear if unprotected.Str: Control your environmentEnvironmental issues such as noise & level of alertness may interfere with learning new behaviors. After identifying what helps and what hinders, increase the helpers and eliminate the rest.Str: Use memory aidesBecause a new behavior is neither familiar nor automatic, it's easy to forget. Anything that helps memory is beneficial (e.g.list discribing the sequence of things to be done, etc.)

9) New Behaviors Must Be Protected

Reinforcement - not punishment - is necessary for permanent change. Reinforcement can be intrinsic, extrinsic or extraneous. One type of reinforcement must be present for self-change, 2 would be better than one, & 3 would be best.Str: Enjoy the actIntrinsic reinforcement occurs when the act is reinforcing.E.g. she loved dressing well. Seeing her clothes laid out at night was a joyful experience.

1) All Behaviours Are Complex

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