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Is Fitness All in the Genes?
Fitness in Our Genes
A new study on the genetics of fitness is trying to find out if the body's receptivity to exercise is genetic or not.
The researchers have looked at thousands of individual segments of DNA, which are called single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and identified a particular gene that responds to exercise by a measurement called maximum oxygen capacity.
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Fitness in Our Genes
A new study on the genetics of fitness is trying to find out if the body's receptivity to exercise is genetic or not.
The researchers have looked at thousands of individual segments of DNA, which are called single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and identified a particular gene that responds to exercise by a measurement called maximum oxygen capacity.
Gene For Metabolizing Fats
A particular gene known as ACSL1 seems to play a role in how a body metabolizes fats and subsequently affects exercise response.
The findings, though preliminary, do point towards exercise benefits being genetic. Still, exercise has a multitude of benefits and cannot be discarded by individuals who do not have a certain type of gene.
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Ancestry testing
DNA-testing is done by millions of people all over the world to analyze their DNA and find out where they originate.
Targeted marketing for DNA home-testing kits shows models under the banne...
DNA home tests
Some problems arise regarding DNA home tests about what happens after the results of land.
- Storage of sensitive genetic information. An open-source DNA testing site was recently used by the police to identify a killer.
- Emotional side effects after receiving confusing or life-changing results.
DNA home test variances
Many who have done a DNA home test begin to question their family heritage and wonder if they might have been misled. However, taking DNA tests from different companies reveal wildly varying results. There are a few reasons for this:
- The companies are only looking at very recent DNA samples, from a relatively small group, in one specific database.
- The databases are skewed towards different parts of the world. Some have more American customers and other more British or Australian customers.
- These companies don't ask about the genetics of the past, and which of those past inferred genetic clusters we get our ancestry from.
- We probably inherit very few genes from our ancestors. DNA is inherited in “chunks” that break up the further back in time you go.
- There are ancestors from whom you inherit no DNA.
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Different Outcomes
We're all different. If we are all on the same weight-loss diet, there will be various outcomes. Some people will lose a lot, some will lose a little, and a few will even gain weight.
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Genetics And Nutrition
Scientists are continually finding links between genetics and nutrition. Many of us have a gene called FTO that makes us more likely to be overweight. You can get a genetic test to tell which variant of the FTO gene you happen to have.
However, scientists who study the genetics of nutrition think it’s premature to base nutritional advice on your DNA. That FTO gene, for example, has only been shown to make a few pounds’ difference in body weight.
Nutritional Genetic Testing
The coded messages of your DNA are billions of letters (nucleotides) long. Personalized nutrition companies only care about a few of your DNA letters and can tell you which "variant" you have at each of those locations (known as SNPs) along your DNA strands.
Genetic testing companies can learn what SNP variants you have by supplying them with a vial of spit.
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HIIT: high-intensity interval training
HIIT workouts generally combine short bursts of intense heart-pounding exercise (during which a person’s heart rate reaches at least 80 percent of its maximum capacity, usually for 1 to 5 minute...
The most well-established benefit of HIIT...
...has to do with heart health: Intervals can boost cardio-respiratory health with a smaller time investment compared to continuous forms of exercise.
It's not about superior fat-burning capacity or bigger muscles, but about improved VO2 max, a measure of endurance that calculates the maximum volume of oxygen the body can use.
VO2 max is one of the best predictors of overall health.
HIIT and weight loss
People can burn comparable amounts of calories in HIIT routines lasting, compared to longer continuous exercise routines. But this doesn't mean that calorie burn translates into weight loss.
This is the problem with HIIT, just like with any other form of exercise: it’s much easier to lose weight by cutting calories in your diet than trying to burn excess calories.