2 types of defense by black in e4 e5

Play against an isolated d-pawn

• Trade off all the minor pieces
• Play for Q + R vs Q + R (better than Q + 2 R) since presence of Queens makes it far too dangerous for the defender's king to come forward and join in the defense of the pawn.
• The rook blocks the isolated d ...

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The 13th-century Dominican friar Jacobus de Cessolis described the ways each chess piece contributes to a harmonious social order.

• He distinguished paws by trade and connected each to its royal partner.
• The first pawn is a farmer and tied to the castle because he provides ...