Framing is a bias-inducing technique that seems to tilt buyer preferences by providing the same information in different ways. It makes people see the same data in such a way that it affects their choices.

A study done on online shopping behaviour showed that 70 percent of the shoppers abandon their shopping basket, leaving the app/website. The main reason for this behaviour is the unexpected costs, especially the shipping fee, which many buyers see as a sunk cost.**

Often an extra choice is given to the buyer (looking at a set of options) to tilt the purchase in favour of a particular option. The decoy option is only there to shift the mindset, and is also called the asymmetrically dominated option.