Understanding the elements and principles of art and design
The elements and principles of art and design are the foundation of the language we use when we speak about art.
- The elements of art are the visual tools an artist employs to create a composition: The elements are line, shape, colour, value, form, texture, and space.
- The principles of art define how the artist uses the elements of art to help show the artist's intent. The principles are balance, contrast, emphasis, movement, pattern, rhythm, and unity/variety.
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Principles of art: Rhythm
Rhythm comes from movement implied through the elements of art in an organised but varied way.
While pattern demands consistency, rhythm relies on variety, similar to rhythm in music.
Principles of art: Balance
The visual elements of a composition should feel balanced and stable. Imbalance causes the viewer to feel disturbed.
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Repetition
- Definition: Repetition is simply repeating a single element many times in a design.
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